VOT,. XII. NO. 4B. 



AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



373 



to twenty per cent, will lie given to llie one Willi a 

 nutural tail. 



Gentlemen who do not reside on their estates, 

 should prohibit their overseers, those great stick- 

 lers for customs, from docking colls. I have 

 known several instances of lino colts being ruined 

 in this way. 



I am surprised that no notice has ever been ta- 

 ken of this grievance, (to the horse a sore one) by 

 agricultural societies. Knowing you to be a warm 

 friend of this noble animal, I submit his case in 

 this respect to your care — he has many wrongs 

 to complain of. Monboddo. 



Maryland, April 10, 1825. 



From the Genesee Farmer. 

 KEEP SEPARATE PASTURES FOR HORSES 

 AKD COWS. 



One of our subscribers in the state of Pennsyl- 

 vania, whose communications we always receive 

 with pleasure, has furnished the following re- 

 marks. 



" We became satisfied many years ago that 

 sheep and milch cows ought not to run together 

 in the same pasture; and we have kept them sep- 

 arate ever since, evidently to the increase of our 

 milk and butter. The last season I kept my horses 

 and cows in separate pastures, to the very visible 

 benefit of both. They bad a change of pasture as 

 usual, lint were not suffered to run on the same 

 grass. All appeared to be in better condition 

 than common, and the grass was of finer growth 

 when compared with other similar fields in the 

 neighborhood. I am satisfied that farmers suffer 

 much loss by not attending to these small-matters." 



EFFECTS OF OIL UPON WATER. 



The following is a secret worth knowing. In 

 rough weather, they, (the fishermen of the Bos- 

 phorus) spread a few drops of oil on the surface, 

 which permits them to see clearly to a great depth. 

 I was aware that oil would calm the surface of the 

 sea ; but until recently I did uot know that it. ren- 

 dered objects more distinct beneath the surface. 

 A trinket of some value had been dropped out of 

 one of the upper windows of our palace into the 

 Bosphorus; which at this place was ten or twelve 

 ■ feet deep. It was so small that dragging for it 

 would have been perfectly useless, and it was ac- 

 cordingly given up for lost, when one of the ser- 

 vants proposed to drop a little oil on the surface. 

 This was accedeil to, with however hut faint 

 hopes of success. To our astonishment, the trink- 

 et immediately appeared in sight, and wis eventu- 

 ally recovered. — De Kay's Sketches of Turkey. 



HARD WATER. 



It is a practice on what are called the " Bar- 

 rens," in Ohio, where (he water is strongly im- 

 pregnated with lime, anil of course unlit for many 

 culinary uses, to mix with it ley of wood ashes. 

 And we have seen among us, a small hag of ashes 

 put into a kettle of water for washing clothes or 

 dishes, in order to render it soft. The utility of 

 this practice may be thus chemically explained. 

 The lime which exists in water, consists of calca- 

 reous matter and carbonic acid ; the alkali of the 

 ley abstracts the carbonic acid) having a stronger 

 affinity for it than lime, the latter is precipitated, 

 and the water thus freed, beco s soft, and readi- 

 ly forms with soap, what is denominated shiIs. The 

 presence of lime in water is soon ascertained by 

 the crust which it forms in the inside of tea-kettles 



in which it is boiled. The remedy should be re- 

 membered by those who live in lime districts. 



SORE THROAT. 



We have known several in \v li icli ibis distres- 

 sing complaint, even in its worsl stage, has been 

 immediately alleviated, and speedily cured, by the 

 following simple remedy. Mix a pennyworth of 

 pounded camphor with a wine glass lull of brand} , 

 pour a small quantity on a lump of sugar, and al- 

 low it to dissolve in the mouth every hour. The 

 third or fourth generally enables the patient to 

 swallow with ease. — Newburyport Herald. 



PIKE TREES. 



The town of Gilmanton, in the county of Rock- 

 ingham, N. II. has a line growth of timber suitable 



for masts. The Exeter paper contains the dimen- 

 sions of about 20 white pine masts, which Wi re 

 felled by Messrs. E. & S. Eastman of Gilmanton 

 Corner, during the past winter. The largest af- 

 ter the trees had been hewed, was 78 feet in 

 length — the smallest 61 feet. Two of them have 

 been sold for $140, or $70 each. — Newburyport 

 Herald. 



SCOTCH LEEK. 



Capt. Matthews of the eastern shore of Mary- 

 land, presented us some weeks ago, with a very 

 fine Scotch Leek from his garden. He informs 

 us that he has two that measure at the surface of 

 the ground — one nine and a half, and the other 

 nine inches in circumference. They are kept as 

 they ought to be, for seed. Beat this who can. 



Since writing the above, Capt. Matthews has 

 brought to our office, a stalk id' Tart Rhubarb, 

 which measures five feet four inches in height. 

 Such specimens as these of garden vegetables, are 

 silent but eloquent witnesses of the skill and care 

 of their worthy cultivator. — American Farmer. 



ITALIAN SHEPHEROS. 



Rome, Feb. 10, 1834. — At the close of the last 

 letter, we were at Mola, from whence we retired 

 from the coast, and ascended the mountains. A 

 scanty vegetation supports a few flocks of sheep 

 and goats, under the care of shepherds. A shep- 

 herd is a picture of Robinson Crusoe without his 

 umbrella, lie is clothed in skins, with the hair or 

 wool outward ; he has a pole, or sometimes a gun 

 in his hand, and in late years the shepherds were 

 occasional robbers, as they always have been in the 

 East. A shepherd is at a short distance a living 

 Satyr. It is an idle life, and therefore the poets, 

 being an idle race, have praised it. These hinds, 

 ignorant and rude as they seem, are probably as 

 respectable in the scale of men, as the shepherds 

 that Virgil drew his pretty pictures from. In the 

 time of Virgil the husbandmen and pastoral people 

 nf Italy were half of them slaves, as much the pro- 

 perty of their masters as the flocks themselves, 

 and hail as little mental cultivation as civil rights. 

 This road a few years ago was unsafe for travel- 

 lers who had money or wdio had not. If they 

 were unprovided for the robbers' occasions, they 

 were carried off captives, and their ransom fixed 

 according to their papers or appearance. If not 

 ransomed, they were killed on the appointed day, 

 for the robbers were men of their word, especially 

 in threats. There was no difficulty in this voca- 

 tion, for the whole population favored those em- 

 ployed in if. This thriving business' was suppress- 

 ed by unal severity, and llie roads have of late 

 been perfectly safe. — Cor. .'V. 1'. Jour. Com. 



From the Genesee F-j.rm.er. 

 BLEEDING CATTLE. 



Bt.eed your working oxen about this time, and 

 it will prevent their healing so much while labor- 

 ing — it will soon start off their old coat of hair, 

 make them more hearty and healthy, and they will 

 perform at least one third more labor. 



Supply troughs in various places for your horn- 

 ed cattle, horses and sheep, and see that they are 

 constantly supplied with salt in them. 



Cut your calves' tails before they are weaned 

 from sucking, and they will never be troubled with 

 the horn ail. If you neglect so to do, take the 

 \i ar olds ami cut off the ends of their tails about 

 one inch, and let it bleed pretty freely ; and if it 

 does not, take a stick and whip it until it does 



bleed — if it is likely to bleed too i dl, take a puff, 



divide it, and tie one half of it on, and it will very 

 soon stop the blood. Delays are dangerous. 



G. II. 



INDUSTRY. 



There are few qualifications of more utility or 

 that come to us more recommended by high au- 

 thority, than this one of industry. The famous 

 Duke de Sully, the minister, told the court he bad 

 no leisure for amusements ; he rose at four daily. 

 Michael Angelo labored during the night, .some- 

 times going to bed with his clothes on, merely for 

 a short time, and rising again to resume his labors. 

 The minute account which Dr. Johnson gives us 

 of the course of life of the great Milton, shows how 

 preciously that illustrious poet valued the ut^c of 

 lime. The industry of some writers has been 

 shown in the magnitude of their works ; Wick- 

 liffe could afford to have two hundred of his works 

 destroyed, and still he may be regarded as a volu- 

 minous writer ; Pry line who flourished at the pe- 

 riod of the Commonwealth, wrote more than forty 

 folio and quarto volumes, Anthony Arnauld com- 

 posed more tlym one hundred works ; and Lope 

 de Vegas assures us that he himself wrote, on the 

 average, five sheets per day during his life. In 

 nothing in fact, are there greater distinctions of 

 merit ocasipned between men, than in industry 

 and idleness. Some one reminded Montesquieu, 

 that idleness was placed among the pleasures of 

 heaven ; it should rather, said the great philoso- 

 pher, he accounted as one of the torments of hell; 

 and this is the judgment which every experienced 

 man will be inclined to concur in. Louis XIV. 

 warned his son that there was nothing, even in the 

 duties of the kingly office, more laborious than 

 idleness; and a duke of the same nation, De Ro- 

 han, was known to have said that a greater curse 

 could not hefal a man than having nothing to do. 

 Dr. Cheyne, a late penetrating and acute physi- 

 cian used to say, that the headaches, cholics, ner- 

 vous pains and disorders, so much complained of 

 by certain classes in this country, were universally 

 the produce of idleness, and fulness of bread. 



ITEMS. 



Old Cheese. A good quantity of old cheese is 



the best thing to eat when distressed by eating too 

 much fruit, or oppressed with any kind of food. 

 Physicians have given it in cases of extreme dan- 

 ger. — Northern Farmer. 



One of the favorite dishes of the late King of 

 France was soup made of sorrel, white beans ai d 

 ' jus. He frequently dined exclusively from this 

 dish and bread, and observed that his dinner cost 

 him less than two pence. 



