VOL. XII. NO. 47. 



AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



379 



other drunkards die, hut never in a manner so 

 nwful and affecting. They usually go off senseless 

 and stupid as it regards a future Btate !" — Kingston 

 Gazette. 



ARGUMENT TO CLEAN THE TEETH. 



To warn the young reader of cleanliness, a sub- 

 ject or two, which, if not very pleasant to discuss, 

 may lead to effects important to future health. No 

 animalcules are found in the saliva, hut numbers 

 of different kinds may he discovered in the whitish 

 matter Sticking between the teeth ; if it he picked 

 out with a needle, or point of a tooth-pick, ami 

 mixed with a little rain water, and applied before 

 the microscope, numbers will be \isihle; some- 

 times, indeed, so very numerous and active, that 

 the whole mass appears alive. The largest sort, 

 but few in number, move very swiftly ; the second 

 sort tire more numerous, ami have different mo- 

 tions ; the third kind are 10 lish, and so minute 



that a grain of coarse sand would equal a million 

 of them in bulk ! They move so swiftly, and in 

 such multitudes, that they seem like swarms of 

 gnats or flies. Some or all of these three kinds 

 may be found in the matter taken from be- 

 tween the teeth of men, women, and children, 

 especially from between the grinders, even though 

 they wash their teeth with great care. But 

 from the teeth of persons inattentive to clean- 

 liness, the matter affords another sort of ani- 

 malcules, in the shape of eels. They all die, if 

 vinegar be applied ; hence it has been concluded, 

 that a gargle of vinegar is good to preserve the 

 teeth and gums from injuries these little creatures 

 might occasion. — Shaw's Micro/tropic Objects. 



TO SAVE HORSES' SHOILDEUS FROM BE- 

 ING CHAFED BY THE COLLAR. 



Some of the gentlemen of South Carolina are 

 in the habit of making long journeys by land in 

 their own conveyances, and' are obliged to resort 

 to every method of affording relief to their horses. 

 From one of these 1 derived the following simple 

 expedient for preventing the shoulders of harness 

 horses from being chafed by the collar. The 

 shrewd practical sense of the gentleman referred 

 to, is a strong guarantee of the value of his sug- 

 gestions. A short trial of my own lias fully con- 

 vinced me of the utility of what is classically de- 

 nominated the sweater. This simple and effectu- 

 al connivance is made of two pieces of leather, 

 which for an ordinary horse may be about 5 1-2 

 inches wide at the top, and 6 at the bottom, and 

 9 at the greatest protuberance, the front edge be- 

 ing straight, the posterior curved with a gradual 

 swell adapted to the shape of the collar behind. 

 These pieces must be sowed together at the bot- 

 tom, and connected at the top by two small straps 

 and buckles, so as to be let out or taken up at will. 

 The lower part must be so shaped as to fit the 

 throat of the horse. A strap passes from the bot- 

 tom of the sweater between the legs to the girth 

 by means of which it is kept in place. The strap 

 should not be too tight, lest it might incline a balk- 

 ing horse to stop, when ascending a hill ; and the 

 buckle at the end near the girt, if it chafe may be 

 covered. The leather should- be tolerable stout 

 upper, rendered pliant by the occasional applica- 

 tion of tallow to the outside. The inner side 

 should be kept clean ami smooth. 



The sweater is in fact a sheath to the shoul- 

 ders, ami the collar rests on it instead of the skin 

 of the animal. IJ. 



Waynesboro, Va. 



From the Farmer's Journal. 

 MULBERRY HEDGES. 



Much has been said within a few years, and 

 probably something done in the United States on 

 the subject of growing silk. The thought has 1 

 probably occurred to but few, that the white mul- 

 berry tree will answer the double purpose of ma- 

 king a hedge fence and feeding silkworms. This 

 may be a valuable idea to many farmers in Ver- 

 mont, who are not furnished with a supply of ma- 

 terials for fencing. The mulberry is a tree of rap- 

 id growth, and very easily propagated by being 

 stuck in the ground. 



Those who wish the mulberry for hedging 

 without feeding silkworms from it, will probably 

 need to cut the main branches to prevent them 

 from growing too high. Mulberry seed should 

 be sown the last of April, in rows, in ground well 

 prepared. I am not able to say what soil is 

 most natural, but it will undoubtedly grow suffi- 

 cient for hedges in most soils. A mulberry nur- 

 sery will need considerable care the last year; and 

 in the Vermont climate, will need to be secured 

 from the weather the first winter, which may be 

 done by laying rails between the rows, and throw- 

 ing a coat of straw a few inches thick, over the 

 whole. H. P. 



CATERPILLARS. 



The parent moth of the common caterpillar, 

 lays its eggs on the small branches of our fruit 

 trees, cementing them together with a gummy 

 substance which preserves them from the weath- 

 er. The deposit has often some resemblance to an 

 open handed thimble; but its form is not always 

 egular, and sometimes it extends but little more 

 than half round the twig. Our friend Charles Gif- 

 ford of Ledyard, had observed that these are gen- 

 rally placed on the lower branches, and for sev- 

 eral years has been in the practice of picking them 

 from his trees before the warmth of the season 

 was sufficient to bring forth the young insects-. 

 The destruction of every deposit prevents the rav- 

 ages of a nest of caterpillars. He is decidedly of 

 opinion that it is the most expeditious and eco- 

 nomical way of ridding an orchard of this nui- 

 sance ; and we fully concur after having made a 

 fair trial. The eye soon becomes practised in 

 this search ; and what at first seemed difficult to 

 find is readily detected. 



The work may be done at any time previous to 

 the opening of the hud. — Gen. Farmer. 



HAVE YOU PLANTED A VINE 5 



If you have planted one that produces good 

 fruit, take care of it and propagate it by cuttings 

 and layers, and its fruit will richly repay your la- 

 bor. If you have not, buy or beg one, and plant 

 it the present spring. The second year after plant- 

 ing it will produce you fruit, which will every 

 year increase as the plant enlarges. The fruit 

 will be found to be wholesome and grateful, and 

 you will realize the pleasure of sitting under your 

 own vine during the intense heats of summer ; and 

 you will wonder that you have lived so long with- 

 out enjoying this pleasure. 



The native kinds most worthy of cultivation 

 are the Isabella, Whine, and Catawba, all hardy 

 thrifty and abundant bearers, and their fruit ripen- 

 ing in the order in which they are named. A lit- 

 tle experience will make you familiar with their 

 management, and convert the labor required for 

 their care into a recreation. — Cultivator. 



MASS. HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



Boston, May 30, 1834. 



To the President of the Mass. Horticultural Society : 



Sir — I transmit herewith a bottle of seeds of the 

 Deodar tree, or cedar of the Himalaya mountains, 

 (I' inns dcodara.) 



It was sent me by Professor Wallich of Calcut- 

 ta, and is stated to be a tree of very large size, 

 exceeding the cedar of Lebanon in beauty and 

 magnitude. Dr. Wallich thinks it will grow in 

 many parts of the United States. 



Very respectfully, Jacob Bigelow. 



Please to distribute the seeds to members who 

 wish them. J. B. 



A part of the seeds were distributed among the 

 members, and the residue were put into the hands 

 of the gardener at Mt. Auburn. 



FLOWERS EXHIBITED. 



Saturday, May 31, 1834. 



Magnolia purpurea, purpurea var. and cordata, 

 Early white Italian hcneysuckle, Double white 

 hawthorn (Crataegus oxycantha pleno), scarlet (C. 

 monogynia), and a new scarlet variety (C. monogy- 

 nia var.), from Mr. John Keniuck. 



Poeonia moutan Banksce, a fine specimen, (from 

 a plant that has stood out during winter with 

 scarcely any protection), from Mr. William Kes- 

 kick, Newton. 



A beautiful bouquet of Flowers, containing the 

 following varieties, viz. Neriiim splendens, Rhodo- 

 dendron ponticum, Diosma alba, Celsia cretica, 

 Calceolaria corymbosa ; a species of Allium very 

 fragrant; Roses, Tulips, Lilacs, Geraniums, Stork 

 Gillyflowers, &C &c. from Mr. Thomas Mason, 

 Charlestown. 



LupinuF, Pollyphillus (a splendid variety), Hes- 

 peris matronalis var. alba and purpurea, Scotch 

 broom (Spartium scoparium), Poeonia tenuifolia 

 and Pulygonatum multiflorum, from the Lancaster 

 Garden, by G. C. Barrett, Esq. 



24 splendid varieties of the Geranium, Roses, 

 Stocks, Calceolaria corymbosa, &c. presented by 

 Messrs. Hoveys from Mr. Sweetser, Cambridge- 

 port ; Amaryllis formosissima, from Messrs. Hov- 

 eys. For the Committee, 



Chs. M. Hovet. 



We hope that the friends to improvement in 

 horticulture will come forward, as the season ad- 

 vances, and be emulous in displays of all the 

 flowers and fruits, which our soil and climate are 

 capable of producing. We should be very much 

 mortified if a bud of such promise as the M. H. S. 

 should wither on its stem, in consequence of any 

 neglect in its cultivation. Let us each and all, to 

 the amount of our ability, contribute to sustain the 

 flower and perfect the fruit, of a plant, which has 

 already yielded abundantly, and promises to be 

 worth more than mints of money, or mines of gold 

 to those who will avail themselves of its benefits. — . 

 Ed. JV. E. Farmer. 



OJ^See Advertisement on page 383. 



Prevention of Mildew. Professor Lindley of the 

 London University, lately lecturing on mildew, 

 gave it as his opinion, that the only effectual meth- 

 od of cure which has yet been discovered, is that 

 recommended by Mr. Bauber — namely steeping 

 the seeds before sowing in lime water for twelve 

 hours and then drying them in the air. — Mechan- 

 ic's Mag. 



