new engjLamd fahmer. 



PUI5LISHKD BY GEO. C. BARRETT, NO. 52, NORTH MARKET STREET, (at the Agricultural Warehouse.)— T. G. FESSENDEN EDITOR. 



VOL. XII. 

 i~ — 



BOSTON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, JULY 2, 1834. 



NO. 51. 



COMMUNICATIONS. 



Far the New-England ' 



I have taken great pleasure in visiting, occa- 

 sionally, the Hall of the Horticultural Society, and 

 regret that my grounds are too extensive to admit, 

 with what leisure is permitted me, the i 

 of more frequent contribution to those beautiful 

 displays of Fruits and Flowers that d 

 senses, and shed a perfume like "Araby the ! 



I feel, and I trust it is common to a!!, much 

 obliged by the exertions, labor and spirit of the 

 Society, of which I have the honor to I ; a too 

 useless member. I, however, find it nec< ssnry to 

 state that I had the good fortune to raise frqm a 

 potato of the " Old fashioned Tied," well known to 

 ancient Farmers, one that weighed over 4'; < >■.-•■ 

 This was lately had from Blaine. It would l$e 

 grateful indeed to find a renewal of this, and <>'• 

 the cranberry, &c. formerly so much esteemed. 1 

 thought this "apple of the earth" quite worth no- 

 tice, more especially as it exceeded tho \v i. hi of 

 the Long Red, according to the subjoined aecourit, 

 published by the Philadelphia Society for Promoting 

 Agriculture. 



My " Pontine de Terre," however, was si 

 ed in the perfume of Dahlias, Geraniums, &c. aim' 

 it is presumed willed and " died of a rose in aro- 

 matic pain," and I am compelled to give this obit- 

 uary notice that it once was, and attained this size. 



Yours, &c. A Dorchester Far 



To the President of the Philadelphia .Agricultural Society. 



on the long red .potato. 



I herewith send samples of some potatoes, de- 

 nominated the " Long Red." The potatoes, in 

 the opinion of some are very good for the table. 

 I believe them equally valuable for stock, and on 

 account of their prodigious yield,- think them well 

 worth the attention of agriculturists generally. 

 Some of the samples, when first taken from die 

 ground last fall, weighed from 2 lbs. to 2 lbs. 9 oz. 



With respect, thy friend, Isaac C. Jones. 



By the Editor. We trust our Readers wi/l be 

 pleased with the playful remarks of "A Dorches- 

 ter Farmer." They furnish a good humored hint 

 on an important subject of production, which is 

 made, by the facts now connected with it, quite 

 interesting to the agriculturist. 



For the New England Farmer. 

 MANURING CORN IN THE HILL. 



Mr. Editor — Sir, Noticing the opinion of a 

 writer in the Genesee Farmer, as quoted in the 

 New England Farmer of 4th iust. on the subject 

 of manuring corn in the hill, as being injudicious 

 and unprofitable, and stating his reason for the 

 opinion that the plant derived its nourishment 

 from its fibrous roots, and that the manure would 

 not benefit the plant after its roots had extended 

 beyond the circle where it was deposited, and that 

 it was said they would extend to the height of the 

 stalk above ground, and that if the season was dry 

 they would fire fang, &c. 



I cannot acquiesce in the writer's opinion, hav- 

 ing studied the practical science of Agriculture 

 many years, I find I am very deficient in that 

 noble and useful science — I beg to know if the 



writer's opinion applies to the general soils on 

 which we grow corn. I am in favor of manuring 

 in the hill, and feel persuaded if the operations 

 are performed with judgment and skill, it will pro- 

 duce the best corn, both in quantity and quality. 

 1 am induced to give my practice in hope of ob» 

 mining information and correction if erring. 



Early in the spring I trench [dough a piece of 

 sod ground, cutting the sod with a sharp coulter 

 and share as thin as possible, which falls into the 

 trench ; another plough follows in the same furrow, 

 ploughing deep and covering up the sod with soil 

 (on which the sun has never shed its rays). As 

 soon as the surface has received the frost, it is 

 well harrowed down. 



At the time For planting I furrow out the land 

 three and a half feet apart both ways, with a yoke 

 of oxen, furrowing deep to deposit the manure, 

 putting a good shovel or dung fork full to each 

 hill, on which I throw three times the usual quan- 

 tity of seed (si lecting the finest plants at the first 

 boeing). It is unnecessary to draw mould on the 

 manure before the seed is deposited, but particular 

 attention must be paid that the manure is no; 

 doubled on the seed, but covered with some fini 

 mould with the hoe, being very careful to cover 

 up all the dung with the soil, the gentle heat from 

 the manure will cause the corn to spring up quick, 

 a strong plant, and by its gradual decomposition 

 feed the centre of its roots, which will force 

 through the manure into the sod below and send 

 forth its fibres with vigor and cause the plant to 

 grow luxuriantly until it arrives to maturity. On 

 examining the hill at corn harvest, very little of 

 the manure can be found, consequently no fire 

 fang is likely to take place if judiciously managed. 

 Any information on the subject will be kindly re- 

 ceived by A Subscriber. 



Billfield Farm, Hyde Park, Dutchess Co. 



By the Editor. We believe that the expedien- 

 cy of Trench-ploughing, and manuring Indian corn 

 in the hill depends on circumstances, which, have 

 been thus explained by Dr. Deane: 



Trench Ploughing. " In old countries, where 

 lands have been ploughed for a thousand years, 

 the rich black soil has been growing deeper and 

 deeper. So that trench ploughing by this time 

 may be very proper in many of their fields ; and 

 even necessary to bring up the strength of manures 

 which had subsided to a greater depth than com- 

 mon ploughing reaches. 



" Rut there is only a small proportion of our 

 land in this country, to which trench ploughing is 

 suitable, or which will well pay the cost of it. In 

 most of our soils, even where the hard under stra- 

 tum or pan lies deep, trench ploughing would 

 throw up so much cold hungry earth, and bury 

 the upper mould so deep as to render the land 

 very barren at first. The places where it would 

 answer best, are hollows, into which much vege- 

 table mould has been washed down from the neigh- 

 boring heights, which has a black moory soil to a 

 gnat depth ; and such spots as have been used as 

 gardens, and have been often dug with the spade." 



Again he observes, "The depth that the plough 

 should go is a matter that ought to be attended to 

 The depth should be governed in some measure 

 by the staple of the soil. Where the soil is deep. 



deep ploughing is best. But where the soil is 

 very thin, shoal ploughing is necessary, for if the 

 plough turn up much of the under stratum, and 

 nfix it with the soil, it will be rather hurtful, at 

 least for some years alter." 



The celebrated cultivator Earl Stimson, of Gal- 

 w-iy, N. Y. in a letter to Judge Duel, published in 

 the current vol. of the N. E. Farmer, p. 317, states 

 as follows : 



"The land I now till, at first would not pro- 

 duce on a;i average more than fifteen or twenty 

 bushels of corn, Jen or fifteen bushels of wheat, 

 bailey or rye, and from half a ton to one ton of 

 hay per acre. I commenced making, saving and 

 applying my manure in the most economical way 

 on the surface, and ploughing shallow : and in ten 

 or twelve years, I found I had brought the land 

 back to its original state of fertility," & c. 



With regard to manuring corn in the hill, Dr. 

 Deane's rule was as follows: " If twenty loads of 

 good manure can be afforded for an acre, it should 

 be spread on the land and ploughed in : If no 

 more than half that quantity, it will be best to put 

 it in boles. In the former ease, the corn usually 

 comes up better, suffers less by drought and 

 worms-; and the land is left in better order after 

 the crop. In the latter case the plants are more 

 assisted in their growth, in proportion to the quan- 

 tity of manure. If the manure be new dung, 

 burying it under the furrows is by far the better 

 1 'hod. None but old dung should be put in the 

 hills." 



Such are the opinions of the celebrated agricul- 

 turists Dr. Deane and Mr. Stimson. Rut they are 

 fallible, and we would be glad to publish such 

 views of the subject either in corroboration or con- 

 tradiction of those opinions as our correspondents 

 may be so obliging as to furnish. 



For the New England Farmer. 

 TRANSPLANTING WHITE PINES. 



Mr. Fessenden — In your last paper is an arti- 

 cle from one of your correspondents requesting in- 

 formation as to the best method of transplanting 

 the white pine. As I have suffered much incon- 

 venience from erroneous advice upon this subject 

 I am very happy that I have the opportunity of 

 giving your correspondent the result of my expe- 

 rience, and enabling him, if he will follow my di- 

 rections, to raise a grove of pines as easily as he 

 can raise a grove of mulberries. 



I have planted them in November, March, 

 April and May; but I believe the last of March to 

 be the proper time to remove them successfully. 

 The ground is then moist and the trees may be 

 taken out without breaking the roots or injuring 

 the trunks by wrenching them. The bark of the 

 pine is so tender that if the earth be not first cut 

 round with a spade, the strength necessary to pull 

 it out will slip the bark and so injure it as to 

 prevent iis growth, although there may be no ex- 

 ternal wound or injury. 



Those which 1 hate transplanted are from three 

 to eight feet high, and when I have taken them 

 out of the ground, I have taken the earth from the 

 roots with my hands. The holes for receiving 

 them are made large enough to admit all the roots 

 extended in their natural position, it being injuri- 



