24 HEPATICjE. 



from the hilum at the middle base of the stipule, usually short, 

 dark-coloured and stellately spreading. Inflorescence dioicous or 

 monoicous (rarely paroicous). Androecia usually situated on 

 abbreviated branches, globose oblong or cylindrical, bracts crowded 

 2- (rarely 3-4-) androus. Gynoecia always terminal, acrogynous 

 or cladogynous. Bracts 2-5-pairs, larger than the leaves, lobule 

 larger and evolute, often dentate or laciniate. Perianth almost 

 always projecting, oval or obovate, trigonous, third angle postical 

 or tetragonous, with postical angles two in number, usually smooth, 

 a few species tuberculate, apex constricted, rostellate. Pistillidia 

 2-4. Calyptra pyriform or obovate, fleshy, below often 6-8 cells 

 thick. Pedicel short, 8 or 9 cells in diameter, 32 cells in circum- 

 ference. Capsule globose, inner layer papillosely spongy, dividing 

 nearly to the base into 4 valves. Elaters 1 rarely 2-4 spiral. 

 Spores moderately large, reddish, tuberculate, verruculose or rough. 



1. Frullania Tamarisci (Z.), Dmn. 



Lichenastrum imbricatum, Tamarisci narhonensis facie, Dill. Hist. muse. p. 499, 



t. 72, fig. 31 (1741). 

 Jungermania Tamarisci, Linn. Sp. pi. IGOO (1753); Hook. Brit. Jung. n. 6 



(1816). 

 Frulkmia Tamarisci, Dum. Recueil Jung. p. 13 (1835). 



Monoicous, densely or loosely stratified, large, reddish-brown 

 or blackish in colour, rarely dark green. Stems prostrate, imbri- 

 cate, pinnate, branches patent, alternate, unequal in length, beset 

 with still shorter branchlets ; radiculose, rootlets reddish-brown, in 

 dense bunches proceeding from the base of the stipules. Leaves 

 distichous, alternate, closely imbricate, horizontal or patent-diver- 

 gent, unequally bilobed, antical lobe convex, slightly involute, 

 subrotund or ovate-rotund, apex obtuse or acute, postical lobe 

 about 4 times smaller than the antical, much smaller than the 

 stipules, parallel with the stem, cylindrical or obovate, saccate, 

 sometimes evolute, then oblong-ovate, convex on the under surface. 

 Epidermis polished, cells very small to small, roundish-quadrate, 

 walls thick, angles thickened, moniliform cells more or less 

 present which are larger and darker than the others. Stipules 



