EUCEPHALOZIA. ] 43 



whereof the inner are strengthened by semiannular fibres. Elaters 

 elongate bispiral, about as wide as the diameter of the smooth or 

 scaberulous spores. Propaguhi apical, minute, red or wliitish, 

 polyhedral or amorphous ; rarely present, except in a very few 

 species. 



Subgenus 1. EUCEPHALOZIA, Spruce. 



Plants of a moderate size, rarely small or robust, virescent 

 rarely tawny or dull brown, sometimes with a rosy tinge, growing- 

 in broad tufts, or creeping amongst mosses in marshy places. 

 Stems for the most part tender and fragile, rarely somewhat rigid, 

 cortical cells sometimes large and pellucid, simple, very rarely 

 furcate, postical more or less branched, in a few species flagelli- 

 ferous. Leaves obliquely inserted, rarely subtransverse, always 

 broader than the stem, often moderately large (between 0'3 and 

 1"35 mm. long), more or less oblong, concave or laxly complicate, 

 rarely subplane, bifid, very rarely 3-4-fid, sinus rarely deep, in 

 some subacute, in others lunate; apex of the segments various, 

 but rarely rotundate or cuspidate ; margin entire. Stipules (in a 

 few species normally present) small, entire or bifid. Cells of the 

 leaves moderately constant in size, varying in dift'erent species 

 in diameter between ^}y^ and A- mm., rarely almost large 

 (Jg mm.), very rarely small (^V-^'s" nim.), equilateral-hexa- 

 gonal, or often quadrate-hexagonal or quadrate, in most species 

 subpellucid, in very hw, wall thickened at the angles, cuticle 

 almost smooth ; cells of the bracts and perianth generally larger, 

 rectangular-oblong. Inflorescence dioicous, or monoicous, very 

 rarely paroicous ; ? in some species constantly cladogenous, in 

 some now clado- and now acrogenous, or almost acrogenous, but 

 yet sometimes terminal on the same stem. Bracts 3 pairs, rarely 

 fewer, innermost large bifid, rarely 3-4-fid, entire or very often 

 dentate, spinulose, or incised, free or with the bracteole subcon- 

 formable, of equal length or shorter, connate at the base. Perianth 

 more or less highly emersed, fusiform — sometimes almost linear- 

 trigonous-prismatic, in some species the keels in all stages acute. 



