CHILOSGYPHUS. 257 



never winged, mouth trilobate, lobes often spinose, postical some- 

 times bifid. Calyptra carnose, below 4-8-stratose, either sub- 

 globose and included in the perianth or clavate and emersed. 

 Capsule on a long pedicel, oblong-globose, about 4-stratose, 

 4-valved, dividing down to the base. Elaters bispiral, deciduous. 

 Androecia at the middle or apices of postical branches, in the 

 opposite leaved species always on minute-leaved postical amentnla, 

 but in the alternate leaved species at the middle or apices of the 

 stems or branches ; perigonial bracts smaller than the leaves ; 

 antheridia large, situated at the base of the antical lobe. 



Chiloscyphus polyanthos (Z.), Dmn. 



Jungermania major, foliis breviorihas et obtusioribus non dentatis, Mich. Nov. pi. 



gen. p. 8, t. 5, f. 3 (1729). 

 Lichenastrum Trichomanis facie pohjanthemum breve et repens, Dill. Hist. muse. 



p. 486, t. 70, f. 9 (1741). 

 Jungerviania polyanthos, Linn. Sp. pi. n. 1597 (1753); Hook. Brit. Jung, t G2 



(181G). 

 Chiloscyphus polyanthos, Dum. Syll. Jung. Eur., p. G7, t. 1, f. 9 (1831). 

 Cheiloscyphus polyanthos, Corda in Sturm. Deutschl. FL, 19, p. 35, t. 9 (1835). 



Monoicous, laxly Ciespitose, patches thin, spreading, medium 

 to large in size, green or yellowish-green in colour. Stems creep- 

 ing, lax, flexuose, simple or furcately branched, minute branchlets 

 often produced from the axil of the leaf, antically ; radiculose, 

 rootlets fasciculate, proceeding from the base of the stipules. 

 Leaves alternate, approximate, almost horizontally inserted, antical 

 base decurrent, plane, rotund-quadrate to oblong-quadrate, entire, 

 rotundate or retuse ; texture thin, cells medium size, clear, 5-6- 

 sided, often elongate, walls somewhat thick, no trigones. Stipules 

 small but evident, oblong, bipartite often almost to the base, 

 segments subulate, rarely unidentate on both outer margins. 



Inflorescence cladocarpous, $ postical on very short branches. 

 Sub-bracts 3, very small, broadly subulate. Bract large, trifid, 

 irregularly dentate. Calyptra exserted, carnose, 4 cells thick 

 near the base, oblong-obovate, mouth irregular, subentire, after 

 protrusion of capsule, whieh is dark brown, oval, composed of 



R 



