clear. Many experiments have demonstrated that a 1,000-pound 

 cow, pioducing daily 10 quarts of milk of average quality, needs 

 approximately the following amounts of digestible nutrients: 



Protein. Fat. Carbohydrates. Total. Nutritive Ratio. 



Pounds, 2.25 .5 13 or 13.5 16 1 to 6.4 



Now if this animal were fed daily as much of an extra quality 

 of hay as she would consume (28 to 30) pounds, she would receive: 



Protein. Fat. Carbohydrates. Total. Nutritive Ratio. 



Pounds, 1.3 .3 13 14.6 1 to 10.5 



Such a ration is deficient both in total digestible nutrients 

 as well as in digestible protein. If 7 pounds of the hay were 

 replaced by an equal am.ount of com meal, the hay and com 

 meal would furnish: 



Protein. Fat. Carbohydrates. Total. Nutritive Ratio. 



Pounds, 1.4 .47 14.35 16.22 1 to 11 



The corn meal being very digestible, but a one-sided or 

 starchy feed, would increase sufficiently the total digestible 

 nutrients, but not the protein. If 4 pounds of com meal were 

 replaced by 2 pounds of bran and 2 pounds of cottonseed meal, 

 the several feeds would supply; 



Protein. Fat. Carbohydrates. Total. Nutritive Ratio. 



Pounds, 2.07 .60 13.20 15.87 1 to 6.4 



Th e replacing of 7 potmds of hay with 3 pounds of corn meal 

 rich in digestible matter and with 2 pounds each of bran and 

 cottonseed meal especially rich in digestible protein, furnishes 

 a ration containing less fiber and more starchy matter and protein 

 than is contained in the hay. Such a ration contains the requisite 

 amount of both total digestible mattet and digestible protein, 

 and may be said to be properly balanced} 



6. Types of Balanced Rations. 



Because of the high prices usually prevailing for all concen- 

 trated feeds, dairymen are frequently in doubt as to the kinds 

 to be selected and the amount to be fed in order to seem e the best 

 returns for the money invested. Farmers selling cream to the 

 creamery, or located where there is not a quick demand for milk, 

 probably will not find it economical to feed over 3 to 5 pounds of 

 purchased grain daily, and will use maximum amounts of home- 

 grown hay and silage (1 bushel of silage and what hay the animal 

 will eat clean). If the silage is well eared, 1| pounds each of 

 cottonseed meal and flour middlings, sprinkled over the silage 

 to distribute it, will produce a fairly well-balanced ration, and 

 prove helpful in maintaining the milk flow. If com meal is a 



' Instead of expressing the nutrients needed by different animals in the forms of protein, 

 fat and carbohydrates, it is believed we shall soon be using the terms protein and therms of 

 net energy. Thus, a cow of 1,000 pounds producing 20 pounds of milk daily, will require 

 2 pounds of protein and 12 therms of energy. A circular on this subject may be published 

 before long. 



