476 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



Oct. 



some have sunk tanks, or wells, into which it is 

 led by gutters, and after passing through the 

 putrefactive process, is conveyed to the fields and 

 sprinkled upon grass or other lands as it is need- 

 ed. 



This process is highly commended by some who 

 practice it. It seems to us, however, that where 

 meadow muck is abundant on the farm and there 

 are high lands of sandy or gravelly loams that 

 need dressing, that a cheaper, easier and more 

 beneficial way would be to let the droppings fall 

 upon old, finely-pulverized meadow muck. This 

 not only absorbs all the urine, holding its virtues 

 most tenaciously within its grasp, but every cord 

 of muck applied to such lands as we have men- 

 tioned is nearly eqvial in value to a cord of the 

 common barn-yard dung. 



Sir John Sinclair, an English writer of ce- 

 lebrity, speaking of the value of this article as a 

 fertilizing agent, says : — 



"Every sort of urine contains the essential el- 

 ements of vegetables in a state of solution. The 

 urine of a horse being so much lighter, would be 

 more valuable than its dung, if both must be 

 conveyed to any distance. The urine of six cows 

 or horses will enrich a quantity of earth suffi- 

 cient to top-dress one English acre of grassland ; 

 and as it would require 41. worth of dung to per- 

 form the same operation, the urine of a cow or 

 horse is worth about 12 shillings per annum, al- 

 lowing 8 shillings per acre as the expense of pre- 

 paring the compost. The advantages of irrigat- 

 ing grass lands with cow urine almost exceeds 

 belief. Mr. Harley, of Glasgow, who keeps a 

 large dairy in that town, by using cow urine, exits 

 some small fields of grass six times ; and the av- 

 erage of each cutting is 15 inches in length." 



For theJ^ew England Farmer. 



ISriiWLY FOUNDEBED HORSJ33. 



Mr. Editor: — Having had considerable ex- 

 perience with foundered horses, I will give a con- 

 densed account of one case through your paper. 

 When but a yoiingster, and inexperienced, I drove 

 a horse rather hard, and perhaps gave him water 

 too soon, and fed rye bran at night. Whether 

 it was the water, the hard driving or the unac- 

 customed feed that stiffened the horse, 1 am un- 

 able to say ; but in the morning he fell in com- 

 ing out of the stable, and was unable to use his 

 limbs. I called a horse-farrier, who said he could 

 cure the horse, but should keep secret what he 

 did unless I would give him ten dollars for the 

 knowledge of his mode of treatment. I told 

 him if he cured the horse I would give him a 

 ])rivate receipt that was valued at fifty dollars, 

 that would be very beneficial in his business. 

 This he accepted, and went to work. He first gave 

 the horse all the salt he would eat, saying that 

 if he did not eat freely he should dissolve some 

 and turn it down. He next bled in the warts 

 ujion the forward legs, having pealed them down 

 thin and oiled them. The bleeding was per- 

 iornied by my holdir.g up one foot, while he 

 pinched the wart upon the other leg with his 



thumb and finger, then running a small, sharp 

 knife-blade into the middle of the wart and up 

 under the skin and upper part of the wart, about 

 one inch and a half, taking care not to touch the 

 inside skin over the bone. He did the same 

 to both legs. There was but little blood came 

 from either. We next commenced rubbing the 

 legs and moving the horse about, and as soon 

 as he thought he would not fall we put him be- 

 fore the wagon and started off upon the road. 

 As soon as he began to warm up he improved 

 rapidly, and by the time he had gone six or eight 

 miles he went as well as ever he did, and never 

 after showed any signs of founder. Dux. 



Plainjield, Axig., 1858. 



For the New England Farmer. 

 UNDEKDBAIWING. 



Various materials have been used in drains 

 for conduits, but none with such success and at 

 so small cost as the pipe-tile. All other kinds 

 are more liable to be stopped by roots of trees, 

 burrowing of small animals, washing in of earth, 

 guUeys worn in the bottom, breaks in the contin- 

 uity, >&c., &c. The expense of tile drains is much 

 less than those formed of any other material, un- 

 less more is paid for the transportation of tile 

 than their original cost at the manufactory. 



The process of tile manufacture is as follows : 

 after the clay has been properly ground it is 

 shoveled into the tile machine and pressed out, 

 by a piston worked with screw or cogwheel, 

 through dies formed in the shape required for the 

 tile, and run off on canvassed rollers, three or 

 four side by side, in lengths of five or six feet ; 

 these strips are cut into the proper lengths, usu- 

 ally fourteen inches, by the single act of lifting a 

 frame, to which wires are attached at small dis- 

 tances, which cut through the soft clay, and leave 

 the tiles ready to be carried away to dry for 

 burning ; when sufficiently dried, they are placed 

 on end, in a kiln made for the purpose, and fire 

 applied until they have acquired about the color 

 of good, red brick. Tiles are now furnished in 

 Boston at the following rates : 



Sole or pipe tile, in form as figure No. 1 : 



li inch $10,75 ^ M. 1 3 inch $21,50 ^ M. 



2'iucli 13,25 " I 4 inch 34,25 " 



5 inch $48,50 ^ M. 



Horse-shoe tile, in form as figure No. 2 : 



21 inch $13,50 ^ M. SJ inch $17,00 ^ il. 



5^ inch $33,50^ M. 



For sewers of small size, or for drains ex- 

 posed to the action of frost, and for conducting 

 pure water, the vitrified stone ware drain pipe is 

 used with great success ; it is made of the best 

 material, and is entirely proof against all corrod- 

 ing agents. This pipe is very difl'erent from the 



