SANITATION AND HYGIENE ON TROPICAL ESTATES QI 



proved by the persistence of malaria in the neighbour- 

 hood of the swamps already referred to, and also on the 

 limits of the drained area. Several new bungalows on 

 the north-west of the original area were occupied early 

 in 1913, and nearly all the occupants were attacked by 

 malaria. Since the middle of the year, when drainage 

 work in the neighbourhood (commenced in January) 

 afforded definite protection, no new cases have occurred. 

 Temporary quarters were built for 200 Tamil coolies on 

 the western limit of the drained area early in 1913. The 

 Tamil coolies, who had not had malaria for the previous 

 year or two, were attacked so severely that they had to 

 be removed back within the drained area, with immediate 

 improvement. An attempt to house Chinese coolies in 

 the quarters had similar results, and the quarters have 

 been abandoned. Rubber estate coolies to the south of 

 the drained area suffered from malaria, and the estate 

 authorities have, during the past few months, carried out 

 a thorough drainage scheme to protect them, with the 

 assistance of the executive officers to the Board. 



The experience and the results obtained from the work 

 in Kuala Lumpur are very convincing, and anti-malarial 

 drainage on similar lines is to be applied to all the 

 malarious towns in the Federated Malay States. 



The executive officers of the Malaria Advisory Board 

 have also supervised anti-malarial drainage work on many 

 other estates, and it may be mentioned that their services 

 are available to private authorities without charge, upon 

 request. In order to have definitely conclusive proof to 

 offer to estate owners of the good and economy to be 

 derived from anti-malarial drainage, the executive staff 

 are now carrying out a demonstration scheme on a very 

 malarious estate, where everything that ordinary sani- 

 tation and medical practice can suggest, short of mosquito 

 destruction and mechanical protection, has already been 

 tried without success. Full particulars of the work on 

 this estate and the health returns will be made public 

 from time to time. 



Dr. C. A. Benfly remarked at Madras in 1912 that 

 drainage and jungle clearing, in order to eradicate malaria 

 effectively, must be accompanied by extension and 



