RUBBER 631 



may be mentioned the large Saturniids : Attacus atlas 

 and Anthersea paphia; ,a Limacodid, Thosea sp.; a 

 Lymantrid, Orgyia postica; a Psychid, Clania variegata; 

 a Noctuid, Agrotis segetis, which cuts through the stems 

 of young seedlings; and the Tineid Comceritis pieria, the 

 caterpillars of which feed on the outer bark of living 

 rubber trees, but seldom penetrate deep enough to cause 

 any flow of latex. A small Cossid, Arbela quadrinotata, 

 has a similar habit, but works on a larger scale. This 

 caterpillar, moreover, tunnels into the wood, at the 

 angles of the branches, to form a retreat for itself during 

 the daytime. It feeds at night only. 



Mr. G. E. Bodkin, in his " Report of the Economic 

 Biologist, 1912-13," records a somewhat severe attack 

 upon Hevea in British Guiana by the caterpillars of a 

 hawk-moth, Dilophonota ello, which was, however, 

 reduced by the appearance of a small egg parasite 

 (Telenomus dilophonotse). 



Should artificial remedies be necessary, in the case of 

 a plague of caterpillars, arsenical sprays are always 

 available. 



Dipt era. 



This Order is represented o<nly by the larvae of an 

 undetermined Phorid, which were observed in Ceylon 

 feeding on decomposing smoke-cured rubber. 



Hemiptera. 



Two bugs, a Pyrrhocorid, Leptocorisa acuta, and a 

 Capsid, Calicratides rama, have been credited with punc- 

 turing young Hevea plants in Ceylon, thereby causing 

 the terminal shoots to wilt and droop; but injury from 

 this cause is rare. A Pentatomid, Empicoris variolosus, 

 is said to cause exudation of latex from young Hevea 

 shoots in British Guiana. 



The following Coccidae have been noted as occurring 

 upon Hevea : 



Aspidiotus destructor, on foliage. (British Guiana.) 

 ,, transparens, on foliage. (Java.) 

 ,, ficus, on foliage. (Java.) 

 ,, personatus, on foliage. (British Guiana.) 



