112 CEREALS 



fusca, Hampson, and of another moth; (3) the striped 

 beard-grub or ear worm, the larva of the moth Heliothis 

 armiger, Hubn. 



With good farming (*., good cultivation, winter 

 ploughing, rotation of crops, and fallowing) these pests 

 are not proving a serious menace. The stalk borers are 

 perhaps giving most trouble, but the use of trap crops is 

 proving a useful preventive. Weevils, the angoumois 

 grain moth, and rats and mice give the usual amount of 

 trouble with grain stored in bags. 



Varieties and Breeds. The varieties indentata (dent 

 maize) and indurata (flint maize) are most largely grown 

 in South Africa, with a tendency to discontinue the flints 

 owing to lower yield. The varieties prsecox (popcorn), 

 crythrolepis (flour corn), tunicata (pod corn), and rugosa 

 (sugar maize) are also grown to a limited extent. 



Of dent maize Hickory King is the breed most exten- 

 sively grown in South Africa. It is a white dent. Other 

 white dents grown are : Louisiana or lo-row Hickory, 

 Hickory Horsetooth or 12-row Hickory, Iowa Silver 

 Mine, Ladysmith, Natal White Horsetooth, Boon County, 

 and Salisbury White. 



The principal yellow dents are : Yellow Horsetooth, 

 Chester County, Eureka, Yellow Hogan, Golden Beauty, 

 Golden Eagle, Reid, Minnesota Early, and Learning. 



Of flint breeds 8-row Botman, Cango, Wills Jehu, and 

 North Dakota are principally grown. Repatriation and 

 Bushman are rarely met with. 



Commerce. It is, unfortunately, impossible to give the 

 present South African production of maize owing to the 

 absence of reliable statistics. We have exported as 

 much as one and a half million muids (5,350,000 bushels), 

 and local consumption is large : some three-quarter 

 million muids (2,670,000 bushels) are consumed on the 

 Witwatersrand for feeding the natives employed on the 

 mines. The production of the Transvaal in 1908-9 was 

 1,437,834 muids (5,133,067 bushels). 



The Union Government has wisely fostered the export 

 of maize by providing cheap rates from inland centres 

 to the coast (los. per Colonial ton), and by arranging 

 with the steamship companies to carry the grain to 



