438 



FORESTRY AND IRRIGATION. 



November, 



Goodrich, is employed by the water 

 board, who has immediate executive 

 charge of all the work. About fifty 

 acres will be planted the first year, and 

 about one hundred acres of woodland 

 will be thinned for improvement. This 

 is an excellent opportunity to dem- 

 onstrate practical forestry in all its 

 phases. 



Forest work of the same nature is be- 

 ing conducted by the Bureau of Forestry 

 on the watershed of the city of Woon- 

 socket, R. I., and that of the Metropol- 

 itan Water Board at Clinton, Mass. 



Water Power The United States Geo- 

 in the Central logical Survey, in its 

 West, investigations of the 



water resources of the 

 country, has been making recent studies 

 of the water powers and water resources 

 of the central western states. 



Great interest is being shown in the 

 development of water power upon the 

 streams in these states. Many years 

 ago a number of large powers were 

 developed there, and manufacturing 

 cities of considerable size have since 

 grown up about them. The great 

 power on the Mississippi at Minneapo- 

 lis is one of the best examples, being 

 utilized for flour mills, the generation 

 of electricity, and for various kinds of 

 manufacturing. There yet remain a 

 number of falls which may be utilized 

 on the Wisconsin River, on the Missis- 

 sippi River and its tributaries above St. 

 Paul, on the Forks River in Wisconsin, 

 and on several of the larger streams of 

 Michigan. The value to a community 

 of such a natural source cannot be over- 

 estimated. 



Recently the great development at 

 Sault Ste. Marie has been completed 

 and water turned into a canal. Duluth 

 is also looking forward to the utilization 

 of part of the water power upon the 

 St. Louis River, where the plans now 

 completed show a fall of over 700 feet 

 and a power reaching a capacity of 

 100,000-horse power. This would make 

 Duluth not only a great shipping point, 

 but probabl}' the center of flour-milling 

 and other forms of manufacturing 

 which require large amounts of power. 



The wheat from Minnesota and Dakota 

 would be stopped at Duluth long enough 

 to be ground into flour and then for- 

 warded to the east by way of the Great 

 Lakes. 



Excepting for the large power at 

 Minneapolis, the market is greater than 

 the suppl^^ and plans are now in con- 

 templation looking to the development 

 of electricity upon the St. Clair River 

 in Minnesota, to be used for electric 

 lighting and electric car service. There 

 are many other points in this region 

 where power is now being wasted, but 

 with the concentration of capital the 

 larger power possibilities are being de- 

 veloped to the great benefit of the 

 northern central states. 



Survey of Forest An important work in 

 Reserves. the survey and inves- 



tigation of the govern- 

 ment forest reserves b}^ the United States- 

 Geological Survey is this season in pro- 

 gress under Mr. Henry Gannett, geog- 

 rapher. It consists in the extension of 

 topographic surveys, including triangu- 

 lation and .spirit-leveling of the reserves, 

 for the construction of maps, and also 

 in the botanic and economic examination 

 of the forests to determine the amount 

 and variety of standing timber, the dam- 

 age done b)^ forest fires, and other ex- 

 isting conditions of the reserves. 



Work this season has been directed 

 particularly to the reserves in Arizona, 

 New Mexico, and Utah. 



In Arizona the examination which 

 was commenced last year and carried 

 over the northern section of the San 

 Francisco Mountains Forest Reserve is 

 being continued to cover its southern 

 portion. A like examination is being 

 carried on in the Black Mesa Reserve 

 of Arizona. 



In New Mexico the Gila River Re- 

 serve is being examined and surveyed, 

 as is also the Uintah Reserve in Utah. 

 In the last-named state investigations 

 are being extended to the area of the 

 proposed forest reserve in the Wasatch 

 and adjacent ranges, with special refer- 

 ence to the needs of the agriculturist 

 and the protection of the water supply 

 of the streams flowing from the region 



