Ocean Temperatures along the West Coast of North America. 



271 



Under the uniform conditions assumed on page (262), if the coast is 

 vertical the upwelling would occur in a narrow belt as shown by 

 (Figs. 7 and 12). And the motion except within a distance from the 

 coast of the same order of magnitude as (D), would be the same as 

 that described on page (262), problem (3). If, instead of being level, the 

 bottom slopes gradually upward toward the coast, the motion would be 

 but little changed till the depth diminished from the value (2 D) (see 

 note, page 255). From there toward the shore, the flow normal to the 



Fig. 12. 



Fig. 13. 



The arrows represent the average flow at the points 0. 

 Cross sections normal to the coast. 



coast in the surface layer would continually diminish, and consequently 

 the pressure gradient corresponding to the slope of the water surface 

 and the flow toward the coast in the bottom layer would decrease as 

 the coast was approached. If the depth is less than 0,5 (D), the flow 

 is nearly parallel to the coast, and the surface is horizontal. Therefore 

 (Fig. 13) the upwelling would begin where the depth is 2 (D) and 

 would continue thruout the region from there till the depth had de- 

 creased to 0,5 (D), instead of being confined to a narrow region adjacent 

 to the shore. 



