376 MEDICAL INSTITUTIONS OF AMERICA CH. xxix 



practice of vaccination was complete, he suffered sorely 

 from opposition and intrigue, losing his official appoint- 

 ments, and falling into difficulties in the latter part of 

 his long life. For he lived on to the year 1845, being 

 perhaps the last survivor of those who had an intimate 

 knowledge of Fothergill. Waterhouse maintained the 

 style of an old English physician, dressing his slight and 

 short figure scrupulously in fine black broadcloth, with 

 powdered queue, and carrying a gold-headed cane. So 

 Oliver Wendell Holmes remembered him, when submitted 

 to him for vaccination in his childhood. 1 



1 Dr. J. Chichester of Charleston, S. Carolina, seems to have received the 

 vaccine lymph from Dr. G. Pearson at an earlier date than Waterhouse, but 

 it was to the enterprise of the latter that its use in the United States was due. 

 See Pettigrew, Med. Port. Gallery, iv. s.n. Pettigrew, p. 12. Waterhouse 

 called consumption " a slack- twistedness of the glandular system " : it was 

 scrofula " arrived to years of maturity." See also Mem. S. Fothergill, p. 194 ; 

 Harvard Medical School Centenary Volume, 1884 ; Lettsom, Hints, iii. 66, 

 with good engraved portrait of Waterhouse ; and Memoirs, i. pp. xx ff., 186, 

 210, 213. 



The chief sources for this chapter are Carson's History of the Medical Depart- 

 ment of the University of Pennsylvania, and T. G. Morton's History of the 

 Pennsylvania Hospital ; G. B. Woods' history of the University, and his 

 Centennial Address ; Fothergill's letters, in the Etting MSS., in the Coll. Phys. 

 Phila., and in Frds. Ref. Lib. ; Franklin's letters, in his Works, and in the 

 Franklin Centen. Calendar of the Amer. Phil. Soc. ; and letters from Daniel 

 D. Test, the present Superintendent of the Hospital, whose courtesy the 

 author is glad to acknowledge. See also Med. Obs. & Inq. iv. 367, v. 32, 96 ; 

 Lettsom, Memoirs ; and his Recollections of Dr. Rush, 1815 ; Darlington, 

 op. cit. ; Munk, op. cit. ; Appleton, Cyclop. Amer. Biog. ; Lambert, Penn- 

 sylvania at Jamestown Exposition, 1907 ; Dr. H. H. Kelly, Cyclop. Amer. Med. 

 Biog. An interesting letter from Rush to Prof. Kidd, 1793, was sold at 

 Sotheby's, Dec. 5, 1916. A valuable work by Dr. Harry G. Good of 

 Bluffton College, Berne, Ind., Benjamin Rush as an Educator, was published 

 too late for use here. Dr. W. Hunter of Newport, R.I., a relative of Wm. 

 and John Hunter, lectured on anatomy on his coming to America about 1754. 



