ILLUSTRATIONS. 



PAGE. 



Red and White Carnations with Hybrid Produced by 



Crossing Frontispiece. 



Wind-blown Sand-drifts 8 



Planting Beach Grass to Hold the Sand at Cape Cod, Mass. 8 



Apparatus for Experiment i lo 



Deposition of ]\Iaterial Upon Slacking of Stream ... i6 



Shales "Creeping" Under the Action of Frost .... 20 



Formation of Glaciers 21 



Action of Glacier Drifts 2;^ 



Mechanical Action of Rain 26 



Roots of Forest Trees Opening a Rocky Subsoil ... 29 



Vegetation Protecting the Soil 30 



How the Farm is Retained 37 



View of an Irrigating Ditch When ]Made 39 



View of the Same Ditch Ten Years Later 39 



Fifth Grade Children Collecting Different Kinds of Soil 47 



Temperature Curves of a Humous Soil 50 



Apparatus for Experiment 5 5- 



Apparatus for Experiment 6 53 



Apparatus for Experiment 7 54 



Apparatus for Experiment 9 61 



Apparatus for Experiment 13 ... 67 



A Good Plow 69 



A Plank Harrow /O 



A Rolling Cutter Harrow 70 



A Spring-to<jthed Harrow 71 



A Coulter-toothed Harrow 71 



To Show the Efifect of Deep and Shallow Plowing . . 73 



Showing Effect of Nitrate 80 



Tubercles on \'elvet Bean Produced by In(Tculation . . 83 



A Covered Barn-yard 103 



Comparison of Vetch Plants m 



Roots of Yellow Soy-bean 112 



Alfalfa Plant ii5 



The Cow-pea 124 



The Soj'-bean 125 



xii 



