The Aihnents of Rai'ses. 7 



anus, forming a tumour under the root of 

 the tail. Dry food and severe straining 

 act as excitants towards its production. 

 It may become strangulated, and then it 

 assumes a blackish appearance. 



Treatment. — Cleanse the part, then try 

 and return it, subsequently smearing with 

 gallic acid ointment. Soft food must be 

 the order. 



N.B. — The protrusion must not be 

 mistaken for a polypoid (stalked) 

 tumour. 



Anthrax. — This is a germ disease, being 

 caused by an organism circulating in the 

 blood. 



The germ is known as the Anthrax 

 Bacterium (j^l. Bacteria). It is extremely 

 minute in size, requiring high powers of 

 the microscope for the demonstration of 

 the same. 



In shape it is like .that of a short rod, 

 with square or notched ends. 



Its methods of multiplication are by 

 the rod breaking across (transverse fission), 

 or else by forming spores in the interior 

 of the chain-like length. The latter 

 usually happens outside the body. These 

 organisms give rise to deadly excretions, 

 which cause, as a rule, the rapid death of 

 their host. 



In the horse anthrax is not at all com- 

 mon in this country, but either the same, 

 or another disease very closely allied to it, 

 is common at the Cape, where jt bears the 

 name " Cape Horse Sickness. ' A horse 

 which has been fortunate enough to re- 

 cover from this malady is known as 



A 2 



