50 AMERICAN FARMER'S HORSE BOOK. 



/ The ligament of the neck — the whit-leather, or pack-wax — by which the head 

 is chiefly supported. 



ff The atlas, sustaining or carrying : the first bone of the neck. 



A The dentata {tooth-like) or second bone of the neck. 



i The- cuneiform, or wedge-shaped process, or base of the occipital bone. Be- 

 tween it and the other portion of the occipital bone «, lies the great for- 

 amen, or aperture, through which the prolongation of the brain — the 

 spinal marrow — issues from the skull. 



k The sphenoid {wedge-like) bone, with its cavities. 



1 The ethmoid {sieve-Uke) bone, with its cells. 



m The cerebrum, or brain, with the appearance of its cortical and medullary 



substance. 

 n The cerebellum, or little brain, with its beautiful arborescent appearance. 



A portion of the central medullary {marrow-like) substance of the brain, 



and the prolongation of it under the name of the crus cerebri {leg of the 

 brain), and from which many of the nerves take their origin. 



•p The medulla oblongata — the prolongation of the brain after the medullary 

 substance of the cerebrum and cerebellum have united, and forming the 

 commencement of the spinal marrow. The columnar appearance of this 

 portion of the brain is represented, and the origins of the respiratory 

 nerves. 



q The spinal marrow extending through a canal in the center of the bones of 

 the neck, back, and loins, to the extremities of the tail, and from which 

 the nerves of feeling and of motion, that supply every part of the frame, 

 except the head, arise. 



r The septum narium, or cartilaginous division between the nostrils. 



» The same cut off at the lower part, to show the spongy turbinated {turban- 

 shaped) bones filling the cavity of the nostril. 



t The palate. 



u The molar teeth, or grinders. 



• The inferior maxillary bone, containing the incisor teeth, or nippers. The 

 canine tooth, or tush, is concealed by the tongue. 



v The posterior maxillary, or lower jaw, writh its incisors. 



z The lips. 



y The tongue. 



2 A portion of the os hyoides, or bone of the tongue, Uke a Greek u, v. 



1 The thyroid {helmetr-shaped) cartilage of the larynx, inclosing and shielding 



the neighboring parta. 



2 The epiglottis, or covering of the glottis, or aperture of the wind-pipe. 



3 The arytenoid {funnel-shaped) cartilage of the larynx, having between 



them the aperture leading into the trachea or windpipe. 



4 One of the chordae vocales, cords or ligaments concerned in the formation 



of the voice. 

 ' 6 The sacculus laryngis, sac or ventricle of the larynx, or ihroatj to modulate 

 the voice. 



6 The trachea, or windpipe, with its different rings. 



7 The soft palate at the back of the mouth, so constructed as almost to pre- 



vent the possibility of vomiting. 



8 The opening from the back part of the mouth into the nostril 



