DISEASES OF THE GLANDS. ' 135 



and will materially guide our opinion. It will either be of 

 a dark, purplish hue, or almost of a leaden color, or of any 

 shade between the two ; or if there is some of the redness 

 of inflammation, it will have a purple tinge ; but these will 

 never be the faint pink blush of health, or the intense and 

 vivid red of inflammation. Spots of ulceration will proba- 

 bly appear on the membrane covering the cartilage of the 

 nose — not mere sore places, or streaks of abrasion, and quite 

 superficial, but small ulcers, usually approaching to a circu- 

 lar form, deep, and with the edges abrupt and prominent. 

 When these appearances are observed, there can be no doubt 

 about the matter. Care should be taken, however, to ascer- 

 tain that those ulcers do actually exist, for spots of mucus, 

 adhering to the membrane, have been more than once taken 

 for them. The finger should, if possible, be passed over the 

 supposed ulcer, in order to determine whether it can be 

 w^iped away; and it should be recollected, as was hinted 

 when describing the duct that conveys the tears to the nose, 

 that the orifice of that duct, just within the nostril, and on 

 the inner side of it, has been mistaken for a cancerous ulcer. 

 This orifice is on the continuation of the common skin 

 of the muzzle, which runs a little way up the nostril, while 

 the ulcer of glanders is on the proper membrane of the nose 

 above. The line of separation* between the two is evident 

 on the slightest inspection. 



'^ When ulcers begin to appear on the membrane of the 

 nose, the constitution of the horse is soon evidently afifected. 

 The patient loses flesh ; his belly is tucked up ; his coat is 

 unthrifty, and readily coming ofi"; the appetite is impaired ; 

 the strength fails ; cough, more or less urgent, may be heard ; 

 the discharge from the nose will increase in quantity; it will 

 be discolored, bloody, and offensive to the smell ; the ulcers 

 in the nose will become larger and more numerous, and, the 

 air-passages being obstructed, a grating, choking noise will 

 be heard at every act of breathing. There is now a peculiar 

 tenderness about the forehead. The membrane lining the 

 frontal sinuses is inflamed and ulcerated, and the integument 



