472 



AMERICAN FARMER'S HORSE BOOK. 



with the first grinder — the forward one; but as the grinders 

 are all of them too far back in the mouth to be easily in- 

 spected, we must continue to depend mainly upon what we 

 can discover in connection with the nippers. 



During the third year the central nippers are being shed — 

 or shifted, as it is often called — and by the time it is com- 



LOWER NIPPBBS AND TUSHES OF A SIX-YEAR OLD HORSE. 



B, The lower jaw. 



1 1, The central nippers, with the marks worn out. 



2 2, The next nippers, with the marks disappearing. 



3 3, The corner nippers, showing the mark plainly enough, but with the 



edges of the cavity considerably worn. 



4 4, The tushes, standing up three-quarters of an inch, with their points only 



slightly blunted. 



pleted, the permanent pair have become nearly full-grown. 

 (See cut of the mouth of a three-year old.) In the fourth 

 year, the same changes occur in the second pair of nippers ; 



