VICES AND UNSOUNDNESS OF THE HpRSE. 561 



THE URINARY ORGANS. 



The urinary organs are more subject to disease than any- 

 other parts of the horse. Inflammation of any of these 

 organs can not last long. It must soon be cured or it will 

 soon kill. Even when cured, it nearly alwa3"s leaves evil 

 effects in the form of stricture of some of the passages — of a 

 constant tendency to fullness of the sheath, or of a disordered 

 state of the urine, known under the names of thick or albu- 

 minous urine, white or briny urine, bloody urine, profuse 

 stalling, and suppressage or stoppage of the urine. In some 

 cases these affections are only temporary, and pass away with 

 the disease that caused them, but in many others they be- 

 come permanent. 



CONCLUSION. 



There are many other species of defect to which the horse 

 is liable besides those we have mentioned. It has been our 

 purpose only to mention such important defects as seriously 

 impair the soundness of the horse, and are not generally un- 

 derstood. The reader needs no warning against defects easily 

 to be discovered, but against those of a more hidden and in- 

 tricate nature he may find a word of caution beneficial. Cer- 

 tain diseases have their marks so prominent that they can be 

 detected at once ; such are ring-bone, spavin, splint, wind- 

 galls, narrow heel, swelled legs, big head, etc. These all 

 constitute unsoundness in a greater or less degree, but are 

 so well known that no description of them is needed. 

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