GLOSSARY 



OF TERMS USED IN HORSEMANSHIP. 



Aids : The various methods employed by a rider to command the 

 horse, and urge him to move forward, backward, etc., and in such gaits 

 as may be desired. The superior aids are the hands acting through 

 the medium of the reins; the inferior aids are the leg and whip. See 

 Effects. 



Appui, Fr. Support: The "give and take" movements, by which the 

 horse is supported in his gait, called " appui of the hand." The sen- 

 sation of the pressure of the bit upon the bars of the horse's mouth, 

 experienced by the rider's hand. Appui of the Collar : The slope or 

 talus presented in front at the union of the crest of the neck with the 

 shoulders. 



Attacks : Methods for urging or inducing the horse to enter upon 

 any gait or motion required. See Aids. 



Bars : The upper part of the gums (in a horse) that bears no teeth, 

 and which is located on each side of the lower jaw. This part lies 

 between the grinders (back double teeth) and the tusks; or, in mares 

 and in horses deprived of tusks, between the grinders and the incisors 

 (front cutting teeth). It is against this part, the bars, that the curb- 

 bit rests. See Cheek of the Bit. 



Bear to the right : To keep the right leg, from hip to knee, as station- 

 ary as possible, by downward pressure upon the right side of the sad- 

 dle seat, and between the first and second pommels, at the same time 

 keeping a firm knee-grasp upon the second pommel without hanging 

 upon it ; by this means, the rider guards against inclining to the left, 

 a movement very apt to be produced by her position in the saddle and 

 the motion of her horse. The body of the rider must be maintained 

 in an erect position all the time she is bearing to the right. See /«- 

 aline to the Right. 



Boot : A term sometimes applied to that part of the saddle-girths or 



