CHAPTER II. 



THE DECENTRALISATION OF INDUSTRIES 



(continued). 



Italy and Spain India Japan The United States The 

 cotton, woollen, and silk trades The growing necessity for 

 each country to rely chiefly upon home consumers. 



THE flow of industrial growths spreads, how- 

 ever, not only east ; it moves also south- 

 east and south. Austria and Hungary are rapidly 

 gaining ground in the race for industrial im- 

 portance. The Triple Alliance has already 

 been menaced by the growing tendency of 

 Austrian manufacturers to protect themselves 

 against German competition ; and even the 

 dual monarchy has seen its two sister nations 

 quarrelling about customs duties. Austrian 

 industries are a modern growth, and still they 

 already give occupation to more than 4,000,000 

 workpeople.* Bohemia, in a few decades, has 



* During the census of 1902, there were in Austria 1,408,000 

 industrial establishments, with 1,787,000 horse-power, giving 

 occupation to 4,049,300 workpeople ; 1,128,000 workpeople 

 were engaged in manufactures in Hungary. 



