DECENTRALISATION OF INDUSTRIES. 51 



grown to be an industrial country of considerable 

 importance ; and the excellence and originality 

 of the machinery used in the newly reformed 

 flour-mills of Hungary show that the young 

 industry of Hungary is on the right road, not 

 only to become a competitor to her elder sisters, 

 but also to add her share to our knowledge as to 

 the use of the forces of nature. Let me add, 

 by the way, that the same is true to some extent 

 with regard to Finland. Figures are wanting as 

 to the present state of the aggregate industries 

 of Austria-Hungary ; but the relatively low 

 imports of manufactured goods are worthy of 

 note. For British manufacturers Austria-Hun- 

 gary is, in fact, no customer worth speaking 

 of ; but even with regard to Germany she is 

 rapidly emancipating herself from her former 

 dependence. (See Appendix G.) 



The same industrial progress extends over 

 the southern peninsulas. Who would have 

 spoken in 1859 about Italian manufactures ? 

 And yet the Turin Exhibition of 1884 has 

 shown it Italy ranks already among the manu- 

 facturing countries. " You see everywhere a 

 considerable industrial and commercial effort 

 made," wrote a French economist to the Temps. 

 " Italy aspires to go on without foreign produce. 

 The patriotic watchword is, Italy all by herself. 

 It inspires the whole mass of producers. There 



