OF INDUSTRIES. 77 



have no food in their attics ? Why the Russian 

 peasants sell their corn, and for four, six, and 

 sometimes eight months every year are com- 

 pelled to mix bark and auroch grass to a handful 

 of flour for baking their bread ? Why famines 

 are so common amidst the growers of wheat and 

 rice in India ? 



Under the present conditions of division into 

 capitalists and labourers, into property-holders 

 and masses living on uncertain wages, the spread- 

 ing of industries over new fields is accompanied 

 by the very same horrible facts of pitiless 

 oppression, massacre of children, pauperism, and 

 insecurity of life. The Russian Fabrics Inspec- 

 tors' Reports, the Reports of the Plauen Handels- 

 kammer, the Italian inquests, and the reports 

 about the growing industries of India and Japan 

 are full of the same revelations as the Reports 

 of the Parliamentary Commissions of 1840 to 

 1842, or the modern revelations with regard 

 to the " sweating system " at Whitechapel and 

 Glasgow, London pauperism, and York un- 

 employment. The Capital and Labour prob- 

 lem is thus universalised ; but, at the same 

 time, it is also simplified. To return to a state 

 of affairs where corn is grown, and manufactured 

 goods are fabricated, for the use of those very peo- 

 ple who grow and produce them such will be, 

 no doubt, the problem to be solved during the 



