266 SMALL INDUSTRIES AND 



niture made in very small factories and work- 

 shops. 



In the fabrication of food produce we find 

 several great sugar, chocolate, and preserves 

 works ; but by their side we find also a very 

 great number of small establishments, which 

 seem not to complain of the proximity of the 

 big ones, as they occupy nearly two -thirds 

 of the workers employed in this branch. I 

 do not speak, of course, of the village wind- 

 mills, but one cannot fail to be struck by 

 the immense number of small breweries 

 (2,076 breweries have on the average only 

 twenty-four workmen each) and of the estab- 

 lishments engaged in the fabrication of aerated 

 waters (they number 3,366, and have on the 

 average only eleven operatives per establish- 

 ment). 



In calico-printing we enter once more the 

 domain of great factories ; but by their side we 

 find a pretty large number of small ones ; so 

 that the average for all this category is 144 

 workpeople per factory. We find also fourteen 

 great factories, having an average of 394 work- 

 people each, for dyeing in Turkey red. But 

 we find also by their side more than 100,000 

 working-men employed in 2,725 small estab- 

 lishments of this class bleaching, dressing, 

 packing, and so on and this gives us one 



