320 SMALL INDUSTRIES AND 



the extension of the small industries, and to 

 know their importance, in comparison with the 

 great industry. Fortunately enough, a general 

 census of the French industries was made in the 

 year 1896 ; its results have been published in full, 

 under the title of Resultats statistiques du recense- 

 ment des industries et des professions, and in the 

 fourth volume of this capital work we find 

 an excellent summing up of the main results 

 of the census, written by M. Lucien March. I 

 give a resume of these results in the Appendix, 

 as otherwise I should have been compelled, in 

 speaking of the distribution of great and small 

 industry in France, to repeat very much what I 

 have said in this same chapter, speaking of the 

 United Kingdom. There is so much in common 

 in the distribution of small and large factories 

 in the different branches of industry in both 

 countries that it would have been a tedious 

 repetition. So I give here only the main items 

 and refer the reader to Appendix W. 



The general distribution of the workers' 

 population in large, middle-sized, and small 

 factories in the year 1896 was as follows. First 

 of all there was the great division of independent 

 artisans who worked single-handed, and working 

 men and women who were without permanent 

 employment on the day of the census. Part of 

 this large division belongs to agriculture ; but, 



