MANUAL WORK. 365 



into a mine or a factory from the age of thirteen, 

 and there they soon forget the little they may 

 have learned at school. As to the men of 

 science, they despise manual labour. How 

 few of them would be able to make a telescope, 

 or even a plainer instrument ! Most of them 

 are not capable of even designing a scientific 

 instrument, and when they have given a vague 

 suggestion to the instrument-maker, they leave 

 it with him to invent the apparatus they need. 

 Nay, they have raised the contempt of manual 

 labour to the height of a theory. " The man 

 of science," they say, " must discover the laws 

 of nature, the civil engineer must apply them, 

 and the worker must execute in steel or wood, 

 in iron or stone, the patterns devised by the 

 engineer. He must work with machines in- 

 vented for him, not by him. No matter if he 

 does not understand them and cannot improve 

 them : the scientific man and the scientific 

 engineer will take care of the progress of science 

 and industry." 



It may be objected that nevertheless there is 

 a class of men who belong to none of the above 

 three divisions. When young they have been 

 manual workers, and some of them continue 

 to be ; but, owing to some happy circumstances, 

 they have succeeded in acquiring some scientific 

 knowledge, and thus they have combined science 



