374 BRAIN WORK AND 



joinery. They did not teach the pupil to make 

 some insignificant work of house decoration, as 

 they do in the system of the slojd the Swedish 

 method, which is taught especially at the Naas 

 school but they taught him, to begin with, to 

 make very accurately a wooden cube, a prism, 

 a cylinder (with the planing jack), and then all 

 fundamental types of joining. In a word, he 

 had to study, so to say, the philosophy of joinery 

 by means of manual work. No efforts were 

 spared in order to bring the pupil to a certain 

 perfection in that branch the real basis of all 

 trades. 



Later on, the pupil was transferred to the 

 turner's workshop, where he was taught to make 

 in wood the patterns of those things which he 

 would have to make in metal in the following 

 workshops. The foundry followed, and there 

 he was taught to cast those parts of machines 

 which he had prepared in wood ; and it was 

 only after he had gone through the first three 

 stages that he was admitted to the smith's and 

 engineering workshops. Such was the system 

 which English readers will find described in full 

 in a work by Mr. Ch. H. Ham.* As for the 



* Manual Training : the Solution of Social and Industrial 

 Problems. By Ch. H. Ham. London : Blackie & Son, 1886. 

 I can add that like results were achieved also at the Krasnou- 

 fimsk Realschule, in the province of Orenburg, especially with 

 regard to agriculture and agricultural machinery. The achieve- 



