468 APPENDIX. 



furniture, brushes, and so on ? True, there are in these 

 branches two large factories employing nearly 2,000 

 persons ; but there are also 214,260 independent arti- 

 sans and 105,400 small factories and workshops em- 

 ploying less than ten persons each. 



Needless to say that jewelry, the cutting of precious 

 stones, and stone-cutting for masonry belong entirely 

 to the small industry, no more than ten to twenty 

 works employing more than 100 persons each. Only 

 in ceramics and in brick-making do we find by the 

 side of the very small works (8,930 establishments), 

 and "the small ones (1,277 establishments employing 

 from ten to fifty workpeople), 334 middle-sized works 

 (fifty to 200 workpeople), ninety- three of the great 

 industry (201 to 1,000), and seven of the very great 

 (more than 1,000 workpeople).* 



X. THE SMALL INDUSTRIES IN GERMANY. 



The literature of the small industries in Germany 

 being very bulky, the chief works upon this subj ect may 

 be found, either in full or reviewed, in Schmoller's 



* The industrial establishments having more than 1,000 

 employees each are distributed as follows : Mining, 41 ; textiles, 

 40 (123 have from 500 to 1,000) ; industries of the State and the 

 Communes, 14 ; metallurgy, 17 ; working of metals iron, steel, 

 brass 17; quarries, 2; alimentation, 3 ; chemical industries, 

 2 ; india-rubber, paper, cardboard, (9 have from 500 to 1,000) ; 

 books, polygraphy, (22 have from 500 to 1,000) ; dressing of 

 stuffs, clothing, 2 (9 from 500 to 1,000); straw, feathers, 

 hair, (1 from 500 to 1,000) ; leather, skins, 2 ; wood, cabinet- 

 making, brushes, etc., 1 ; fine metals, jewelry, ; cutting of 

 precious stones, ; stone-cutting for buildings, ; earth- 

 works and building, 1 ; bricks, ceramics, 7 ; preparation and 

 distribution of food, ; total, 149 out of 575,531 establish- 

 ments. To these figures we may add six large establishments 

 in the transports, and five in different branches of trade. We 

 may note also that, by means of various calculations, 31. March 



