APPENDIX. 471 



an Immense scale with a great rapidity. Here it is 

 that the dying out of the small industries, their " ab- 

 sorption " by the great concerns, and the supposed 

 " concentration of capital " ought to be seen in full. 



But the numerical results, as they appear from the 

 three censuses, and as they have been interpreted 

 by those who have studied them, are pointing out to 

 quite the reverse. The position of the small indus- 

 tries in the life of an industrial country is exactly 

 the same which could have been foreseen twenty-five 

 years ago, and very often it is described in the very 

 same words that I have used. 



The German Statistisches Jahrbuch gives us the dis- 

 tribution of workmen in the different industries of the 

 German Empire in 1882 and 1895. Leaving aside all 

 the concerns which belong to trade and those for the 

 sale of alcoholic drinks (955,680 establishments, 

 2,165,638 workpeople), as also 42,321 establishments 

 belonging to horticulture, fishing, and poultry (103,128 

 workpeople in 1895), there were, in all the industries, 

 including mining, 1,237,000 artisans working single- 

 handed, and over 900,000 establishments in which 

 6,730,500 persons were employed. Their distribution 

 in establishments of different sizes was as follows : 



1895. Employees. 



"lishment. 



Artisans working single- 

 handed 1,237,000 1,237,000* 



* In reality there are no employees. I give this figure only 

 for the totals. 



