32 Mindeskrift for J. Steenstrup. XXX. 



ses large orbital and scapular spines (on each side 1 pre- and 2 postorbital spines and 

 2 scapular spines), whilst these are wanting in R. spinicauda; f urther, R. granulata has 

 a row of large spines not only on the upper side of the tail, but also along the mid 

 line of the back (7 in the present specimen) which are wanting in R. spinicauda^). Apart 

 from this the two species have no small resemblance to each other; thus it is charac- 

 teristic for them both, that the upper surface is covered with fme, small spines, which 

 gives the skin to the naked eye a grained (granulated) appearance^). 



Raja spinicauda also recalls Raja lintea, both in form and colour. But R. lintea 

 has more numerous large spines in the mid line of the back, and these are present not 

 only on the tail but also on the body; further, this species possesses both orbital and 

 scapular spines, whereas its skin is comparatively little provided with small spines, thus 

 not "granulated". 



On the ^^Kollivsiutefnak^' of the Greenlanders and 

 ''Zeus Gallus" of O. Fabricius. 



In his Fauna Groenlandica, 1780, p. 160 Fabricius includes Zeus Gallus L. among 

 the fishes of Greenland, stating: "To this, I believe, may be referred the fish which 

 the Greenlanders call Kollivsiuternak to which they ascribe 4 very long threads, 2 in front 

 and 2 behind, and which I have never succeeded in finding, as it is very rare in the waters 

 of Greenland". 



In his review of "Fabricii Fortegnelse over de grønlandske Fiskearter" (K. D. Vi- 

 densk. Selsk. naturvidensk. og mathem. Af h., VII, 1838) J.Reinhardt writes: "That 

 Zeus Gallus should occur in the Greenland seas is extremely improbable" (p. 110) "and 

 in noting the species without serial number and placing it in brackets (p. 107) he indi- 

 cates that this tropical fish^) should be excluded from the list of Greenland fishes, without 

 however another being known to put in its place (cf. the remark uppermost p. 106). 



In Reinhardt's collection of letters preserved in the Zoological Museum, however, 

 there is one written to him by the missionary J. F. Jørgensen and dated Julianehaab 

 July 6th 1840, in which among other things the foUowing information is given regarding 

 the Kollivsiuternak of the Greenlanders: "In the same bottle there are two eggs of a ray. 

 The Greenlanders have taken them from the stomach of a couple of sharks and curiously 



') The czted figure in "Oceanic Ichthyology" gives in so far an erroneous picture of R. granu- 

 lata, as it only shows the large spines on the tail, but not those on the mid line of the back, at 

 the eyes or on the shoulder. 



'■') Raja granulata is described as also having small spines on the belly, but this is incorrect; 

 the specimen I have had the opportunity to examine was^perfectly smooth on the under side, as 

 was indeed to be expected. 



^) Zeus gallus L. = Caranx gallus (Red Sea and Indian Ocean). 



