14 



sri3w sssrta-aiis?® sinasfiiiiia. 



BOSTON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, JULY 27, 1331. 



FARMER'S WORK FOR JULY AND 

 AUGUST. 



Mowing ground. — There are but few objects 

 connected with the iiianageincnt of a ("ariii of 

 more importance than that of obtaining good 

 crops of rouen, after math, or second crops of 

 grass. If your mowing land is in sucli good con- 

 dition that you can hope to obtain a second crop, 

 be careful to keep it from tlve intrusion of cattle, 

 sheep and horses, for rouen in the winter and 

 spring is very valuable for ewes, young lambs, 

 cows and calves &c. 



A writer in Hunters'' Georgical Essays, recom- 

 mends manuring mowing ground immediately after 

 haying, and especially if a second crop is expect- 

 ed. In such case, some part of the fertilizing 

 qualities of rhe manure will he lost l)y its being ex- 

 posed to a burning sun, but the manure, when first 

 applied, will protect the roots of the grass, and as 

 soon as the grass has grown a little its lops will 

 protect the manure : so that on the whole this appli- 

 cation may not be unprofitable. Composts com- 

 posed in part of loam or rich earth, are suppos. 

 ed to be better for manuring grass land than un- 

 mixed stable or barn yard manure ; because 

 such composts are less liable to be deprived of 

 their fertilizing qualities by the sun, air and vio- 

 lent rains. Whenever manura of ajiy kind is 

 applied to grass land it should be spread as evenly 

 as possible and a bush harmw should be drawn 

 ovor the surface, which will break the sirall lumps 

 remaining in the manure, and bring it closer 

 to the roots of the grass. Or as Or Deane direct- 

 ed, ' wlion the land becomes bound or mossy, so as 

 to diminish the growth of the grass, if it !)e not 

 convenient for the farmer to break it up, it should 

 be cut or scarified by a spiked roller ; or if the 

 farmer does not possess this, by a heavy loaded 

 barrow, when the ground is softened by rains, or 

 by the coming out of the frost. Then dressed 

 with some short rotten manure, suited to the soil • 

 bushed, and a roller passed over it. There is no 

 danger of destroying the roots of the grass by 

 this operation. Though they are broken they 

 will be s|)eedily renewed, new offsets will be 

 more plentifully formed, and the crops will rise 

 with renewed vigor.' 



Huy. — It is to be apprehended that much hay, 

 the present season has been placed in stacks or 

 mows without being thoroughly dried. The follow- 

 ing extract frotn Young's Caltndnr may afford a 

 useful hint in sin-h cases. ' Mr Duikei's method 

 of trying the heat of his bay slaiks well deserves 

 noting. He thrusts a scaffold bolt, or other stout 

 and long iron bolt into a hay stuck [or mow] to 

 give an easy admission to a gun rod, with a 

 strong worm at the eml of it^ with which he 

 screws out a sample, and discovers not only the 

 heat, hut state of the bay ; if the stack [or mow"" 

 wants air, be makes many of these holes, which 

 give vent to the heat, and answer the pin-jiose of 

 a chim;'ey.' 



Jfeeds. — Be careful riot to permit any weeds to 

 ripen their seed.<5 on your lands. If you have 

 not leisure to dig them up by the mots you may 

 cut them off with a scythe or n sickle before their 

 seeds are sufficiently grown to vegetate. If the 

 seeds of perniciouB plants are never suffered to 

 become ripe you will bo sure eventually to destroy 



NEW E^t^I.A^D FARMER, 



tliem. Even the Canada thistle, \vlii(-h is very 

 hard to subdue, will eventually disappear if you 

 cut it down ofren enough to prevent iis seeds 

 from coming to maturity for several years in suc- 

 cession. 



Seeds. — Select the ripest and best seeds frimi 

 such plants as are most forward ami vigorous, 

 and you will improve your breed of vegetables, 

 in a manner similar to tliat by which the breeds 

 of animids are improved by the celebrated Euro, 

 pean l)reeders of cattle. New and improveil 

 kinds of wheat, peas, beans Sic, &c, have been 

 introduced by observing among growing crops 

 some individual stalks, pods, ears. &c, which 

 were distinguishable from the rest by a greater 

 degree of health, luxuriance, productivencs.s, 

 earliness, or some other peculiarity ; gathering 

 and preserving them exclusively for seed till 

 sufficiently multiplied for propagation on a large 

 scale. 



Soiling. — This is a term applied to the practice 

 of feeding domestic animals on new mown grass, 

 or other green crops, in racks, yards, stables &c. 

 Lorain says of this mode of farm management 

 that ' The farm yard manure acquired by soiling, 

 and that introduced by the roots of the grasses, 

 create in the course of a single round of crops, 

 such an immense improvement in the soil, that 

 after the hay harvest commences, (which is great 

 in consequence of the grass saved by this practice,) 

 an almost perpetual harvest ensues until the corn 

 is cribbed. 



' Each crop is heavy in proportion to the ground 

 occupied by it. The labor greatly exceeds what 

 would readily be imagined by those who have not 

 observed the practice ; still it may or ought to be 

 partially introduced ; especially by wealthy farmers, 

 who have many workers in their own families. Also 

 by those who have but little land in proportion to 

 the labor they can readily obtain from their child- 

 ren, &c. 



'It should, however, be reinenibered, that suc- 

 cess is not to be expected, unless a full supply of 

 green grasses, proper for this purpose, have been 

 provided. Also, the very great trouble and perplex- 

 ity occasioned by red clover, in consequence of the 

 cattle and horses being salivated by the second and 

 third crops of this grass. 



' Every farmer should soil his working cattle 

 and horses, whether he may or may not enter into 

 the general practice of soiling. A ver/ small ex- 

 tent of ground will be sufficient for this purpose. 

 This may lie so near to his barn, that the trouble 

 will be little more, if as much, as going to the 

 pastures after them. The grass and rich dung 

 saved by this practice will be very valuable to him. 

 'Notwithstanding the great advantages that may 

 be derived from soiling, it would seem that it can- 

 not be generally practised even in the populous 

 parts of this country. The quantity of cleared 

 sround is more than double as much as the popu- 

 lation is capable of cultivating properly, without, 

 introducing the additional labor which would be 

 required if soiling were generally practised.' 



July 27, lb3L 



eminence, from which we have a fine view of 

 Boston, the barbor, anil the adjacent countrv. The 

 premises \vere ornamented with flowers of many 

 hues, and species, young fruit trees, and many 

 rare ami curious plants, both natives and e.xotics. 



We were particularly pleased with the f.rcing * 

 house for grapes, which though of recent con- ' 

 struciion is already teeming with the abundant ; 

 and delicious products of judicious cultivation. 

 The structure, we shoidd suppose, was about 60 

 feet long, and from 12 to 15 feet wide, with a 

 sloping glass roof facing to the southeast. Tha 

 vines were planted in a trench, oulside of the 

 souihern wall, through which llu-y were introJu- 

 ceil into the inclosure, and supportcil under tlio 

 roof. The grapes surpassed anything we havo 

 ever seen of the kind, both in quantity and appa- 

 rent quality. The clusters, when ripn, it i.s 

 supposed will weigh from U lo 34- lbs. each, and 

 that the whole product wiU not be less than 800 

 lbs. on less than 700 square feet. A p.irtofthe 

 roof, however, is lined with branches of the vines 

 not yet arrive<l at a bearing state. The vines are 

 of different sorts, of the best quality and, we believe, 

 all of European origin. The garden, green- 

 house, hothouse, forcing-hou.se, &c, are cultivated 

 by Mr Russell, an Englisbman, nml we think tliat 

 the product of bis skill will give abundant proof 

 that be is a master of his profession. 



VINES WELL CULTIVATED. 



We were induced by report, which spoke 

 very liigldy of a Garden and Greenhouse owned by 

 Mr Lemist, of Roxbuiy, to spend an hour in 

 visiiin;; the establishment ; and found our expec- 

 tations more than realized. 



The grounds are beautifully situated, forming 

 natural terraces, rising one above another, to an 



A Fruitful Vine.—\ gentleman informs us that 

 there is growing in the vicinity of Boston a wild 

 vine 21 inches in circumference, 47 paces or 141 

 feet in length. That its common annual produce 

 has been about 7 bushels of a fine white "rape ■ 

 but tliis year it has produced but about 92 lbs. itt 

 consequence of having been cut away in order to 

 obtain scions for grafting &c. 



Tlie Viewing Committee on Farm.s, of the Hills- 

 borough Co. (N. H.) Agricultural Society, offer the 

 following premiums : 



If'heat— For the best field on old ground, not 

 less than <me acre, $3 — next best $2 — next $1. 



Corn — For the best field, not less than one acre, 

 .$1 — next best $3 — next $2 — next $1. 



Oats — Best, not less than one acre, $3 — next 

 $2 — next 1,50 — next §1. 



Potatoes — Best, not less than Jtli acre, $3 next 



$2 — next $1,.50— next $1. 



Kye — Best field on old ground, not less than one 

 acre, §2 — next $1. 



Jf'hlte Beans— Best field not less than half an 

 acre, 1^1,25 — next 75 cts. 



Farms — For the farm most profitably cultivated 

 without regard to size, §4 — next §3 — next $2. 



HAIL STORM. 



Mr Fessende:^ — -In haste I give yon a few 

 particulars relative to a hail storm, which occurred 

 at this place on Saturday last. 



In the morning of the 16th inst. our farmers 

 could behold their promising fields of corn, vines, 

 &c, with much pleasure, anticipating a rich bar- 

 vest, but at noon the scene was reversed, and 

 their hopes in a great measure bla.stcd, in conse- 

 quence of the meeting of two clouds nearly over 

 this town accompanied with severe thunder and 

 lightning and torrents of rain and hail. Some of 

 the hail was nearly of the size of a small pullet's 

 egg, and much of it of the size of walnuts. Strip- 

 ping the leaves of our Indian corn in strings, arsd 

 causing the leaves of our vines to resemble net 



