22 



NEW ENCLAIND FARMER, 



Aug. 3, 1831. 



BOSTON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, AUG. 3, 1831. 



following spring, the plant loses its niitntivi! pro- 

 ptrties by pushing out a flower-stem : hence the 

 Swedish is well adapted and chiefly employed for 

 spring feeding. The Swedish Turnip possesses 

 the greatest nutritive jiowers, and ihe hirgest of 

 this variety yields more nourishment in proportion 

 than the m'iddle-sized ones; while the Globe, 

 which attains the greatest hulk, contains the least 

 Iter, and the lar^'er kinds less propor^ 



V/ORC ESTER CATTLE SHOW. 

 By the kindness of William D. Wheeler, Esq. 

 Secretary of the Worcester County Aijricultural 

 Society, wc Imve received a large and elegant 



SSrS^i^r^zrii:::::;::^; pioS: ;i;;;ii;-th;n .h; middih^g-sized ones of ti. sau. .......0, 



SUCCEKD THE 



Red N'orfolk, 

 Green NorlolW, 

 White Noifolk, 

 Green Globe, 

 Reil T.inkar<l, 

 Yellow Globe, J 

 Bullock's rieart, J 



TO FO 



Purple-lop Yellow 

 Bullock, 



1 The hybrid is superior in size, in 

 .' lcxlure,ancl in shape, to all ol lliese. 



^LOtV THESE, 



iug Match, which the Trustees of the Society 

 propose at Worcester, on the 20lh ilay of October 

 next, at 9 o'clock A. M. Mr Wheeler stales that 

 every exertion is making to have a better Show 

 this year at Worcester, then has ever been exiiibi- 

 ted at that place. ' Our Premiums are increased 

 in number and amount on Stock and the products 

 of the Dairy. The Trustees have invited an ex- 

 perienced Agriculturist, (Hon. Oliver Fiske,) \yho 

 has accepted the invitation to address the Society 

 on that occasion ; and as the Yeomanry of Mas- 

 sachusetts are proud of their stock, and liave stock 

 to be proud of, I think we may safely invite our 

 Agricultural friends in all parts of the State to at- 

 tend our Show on the 20th of October ne.\t, with- 

 out fear of their disappointment.' 



We are happy to perceive that our Worcester 

 friends are determined this year, to outdo what 

 they have always so well done ; and have no doubt 

 their exhibition will be a perfect mirror of the 

 enterprise, industry, intelligonce and skill of the 

 Head of AgrkuUure, as well as the ' Heart of llic 

 Commomcealth.' 







variety. 



New varieties or hybrids of turnips are o.)tained 

 by cross-impregnation. Thus, when two varie- 

 ties are planted allernately or promiscuously in a 

 plot of ground, when they come into flower, the 

 pollen is wafted by the wind indiscriminately over 

 the whole, or carried from one plant to another 

 by insects, when they are in quest of the sweets 

 of the nectary, and applied to the stigmata. But 

 though the means of iiro.lucing new varieties are 

 simple and easily accomplished, little improvement 

 in this respect has been made in the varieties now 

 generally used in field culture. 



In all case-i of turnip seeds going through my 

 hands in the course of a season, I keep specimens, 

 which arc sown at the proper ])eriod in drills in 

 my nursery. This is rione for the purpose of ex- 

 amining the progress of the plants and the devel- 

 opment of their roots during the season ; it also 

 enables nie to ascertain the correctness of the dif- 

 ferent stocks of seeds, and to judge of the superior- 

 ity of one variety over another. Two years ago, 

 my attention, was particularly iittracted to the pro- 

 duce of the sample of a hybrid or doubly-impreg- 

 naled sort, the seed of which I received from 

 Mr Robert Dale, a very intelligent farmer at Lib- 

 berton West Mains, near Edinburgh. It altracted 

 my attention, first, on account of its early growth 

 and nialuraiiou ; secondly, its fine shape, as may 

 be seen in the figure ; thirdly, by the great si/e to 

 which it attained, in comparison with any sort 

 under similar trealment ; and, lastly, by its stand 



The hybrid is supcrioi in size, 

 and, in so so lar as it has been 

 tried, it stands Ihe winter as well. 



FOR LATE USE. 



_ , c ,• i_ ) The hvbrid is superior in size. 



Purple-top Swe<lish, C ,,,„ ^^^^^^ ,„ ,5„,^^,. g^,,,jg^ j^ 



Green-top Swedish, ^ ^^^.^^^^ ^„j ;, ^^^ ,^ ,,^^jy 



This hybrid, or doubly-impregnated turnip, 

 therefore, appears to possess properties in general 

 superior to those varieties which have been enu- 

 merated above. It is equal to, or surpasses the 

 yellow and the other sorts above it, and is only 

 excelled by the Swedish, in the latter being more 

 hardy, and later in spring in running to a flower- 

 stem. It is now generally known by the name of 

 Dale's Turnip or Dale's Ilybri.l. 



The facts which 1 have staled will, I trust, be 

 considered in this respect interesting, that they 

 show an easy method by which intelligcut agrieul- 

 turists may increase or improve the varieties of 

 the plants which they cultivate. 



Charles Lawson. 



A very few small packages of the genuine seed 

 of this new variety of turnip have been received 

 at Mr Russell's Seed Store, Boston ; — it was ob- 

 tained by the Messrs Thorhurn, directly from 

 Adam Ferguson, Esq. of Woodhill, Scotland. 



FRUITS EXHIBITED. 



Pears — K beautiful specimen of the Petit Blan- 

 quette, and also of the Satnal, were presented by 

 Mr P.obert Manning, of Salem. 



Apricots — A handsome specimen for the season, 



. of a variety supposed to be the While Apricot, was 



ing the winter equally well with any other lurnii) [ prfscnted by the Hon. John Welles, with some buds 



DALE'S NEW HYBRID TURNIP. 



The following Accniinl of this new Turnip, by Mr Chnilea Law- 

 son, is Iroin Ihe Edinburgh Quartmly Journal of Agriculture, 

 No. 10, for 1831. 



There are many varieties of the turnip in cul- 

 tivation, which arc more or less held in esteem, 

 according to their supposed qualities, the nature 

 of the soil in which they are to be grown, and 

 othei" circumstances; but those in most general 

 use are, the While Globe, the Red-Top Yellow 

 Bullock, the Green-Top Yellow BuUock, and ,i,e , """ynow^ possess, 

 Swedish or Ruta Baga. The White Globe grows 



except the Swedish. 



And conceiving that the great desideratum in 

 the selection of a proper variety of the turnip, is 

 to obtain the greatest possible weight on a given 

 space and at a given expense of manure, this va- 

 riety seems to be more adapted to this end than 

 any other sort hitherto introduced. 



The manner in which it was obtained by 

 Mr Dale, was the following : In the year 1822 or 

 1823, he got a few ounces of seed ofa new hybrid 

 turnip fr6m James Shireff", Esq. of Bastleridge in 

 Berwickshire. This, Mr Dale sowed, and he 

 found the produce to resemble the Swedish in 

 shape, but it had too few of the superior proper- 

 ties of that variety. lie, therefore, picked out 

 such as had most of the yellow appearance, and 

 planted them along with some of the best Swedish 

 which he could find. This he continued doing 

 for four successive years; and, since that period, 

 he has'selected the best roots of the doubly im- 

 pregnated kind which he could find for raising 

 seed, till they have attained the quality which 



The following comparison will show in what 



the largest size, arrives soonest at maturity, and respect this hybrid is superior to or diSers from 

 lecays eariiest in the season ; the Y'ellows are in- the turnips at present in cuUitation :— - 



termediate between the Globe and the Swedish 

 in their pioperties ; and the Swedish is smallest in 

 size, is latest in arriving at maturity, and often 



FOR EARLY USE, 



While Globe, 

 White Tankard, 

 Pomeranian Globe 



The hybrid is equal in size to ; 

 of these, is closer in the texture, ; 



of the same for distribution. 



Apples — Some Early Bough, of ' Coxe,' were pie- 

 senled by Mr Manning. 



These were presented the 23d, and omitteil, 

 a specimen of the Sugarlop Peas, from Mr Heed — 

 and some handsome RIoor-Park Apricots, from Mr 

 E. Dyer. Also, fine Citron de Cannes Pears, from 

 Mr R. Manning. S. DOWNER, Chairman. 



The Society was presented with a variety of seeds 

 of ornamental plants, by Mr S. C. Parkhurst, of Cin- 

 cinnati, Ohio, collected by Mr T. Adamson for the 

 Society, in the Western Slates. 



Leaves of the Sweet Scented Grape for Arbors; 

 and also of the Native Mulberry of the Western 

 States, were also presented by Mr Parkhurst. 



Aeiii Trtalise on Silk. — Carter, Hendee and 

 Babcock have in press a new treatise on the cul- 

 ture of the White Mulberry tree and the raising of 

 silk worms, by Jonathan H. Cobb, Esq. — prepar- 

 ed under the direction of His Excellency Gov. 

 Lincoln, agreeably to a resolve of the Massachu- 

 setts Legislature passed last Kcbruary — the treatise 

 to be distributed through the several towns of), the] 

 Commonweallh. • 



, " .' ' roiueranian ijioue \ . ^rlv 



does not decay, till, in the advanced state of the Hungarian Globe, J '^ ^' 



In Newark, Pa. as a man was riding home on a 

 load of grain, without binding, a part of the sheaves 

 slid off, throwing him to the ground. Before he could 

 recover himself, one of the wheels passed over his 



[head, mangling it in a shocking manner, and terinin- 



'ating life in a few minutes. 



