38 



NEW ENtU.AIND FARMER, 



An?. 17, lb3I, 



mmw s^^a-iiiiisr© s'insmsjsjj 



BOSTON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, AUG. 17, 1831. 



suftiL-iciit for see. I. Early sown rvo is much lie:i- I 

 viei- tlian tliat wliich is Kovvn laier; and fiinliir, I 

 it affords cxi-ellent pastures bolli in fall ami sprin;;, 

 nor does pnsiuring injure ihe crop ; in many Cii.scs 

 it is a real lienelit — partic-uiarly when eaten down 

 by sheep. Chivcr also succeeds much better after 



FARMER'S WORK FOR AUGUST. 



WINTER KVE. 



Soil. — Rye is capable of being culti%'atcd on most ! rye than after wheat, 

 kinds of soil, but those which are light and samly, I London says that 'as rye vegetates more slowly 

 on which wheat will not thrive, are, commonly, I ti,a„ wheat, "it should be" sown when the soil i"s 



most profitable fur this kind of grain. It is not 

 only a proper crop for land of this description, 

 but it answers a valuable |)urpose oii a soil which 

 is loo rich to produce wheat. In Russia, according 

 to a communication to the British Board of Agri- 



dry ; a wet soil being apt to rot the grain before it 

 has germinated.' 



AMERICAN SILK. 



We had the pleasure a few days since of e.xainin- 



ulture, the produce from boggy lauds, drained ami [„„ a fine specimen of American sewing silk froir. 



sowed with rye, is upwards of forty bushels to one j Mansfield, Con. The gentleman who e.\hibited it has 



bushel sowed; and they generally use a much upwards of 10.000 skein?, for which he finds a ready 



smaller quantity of seed in sowing such lands, t sale at about §8.50 per ib. He informs us that about 



than is necessary in sowing a soil not so rich. 1 ^'■'^ '<"'^, 'i"''^ ^^"^ '•'^''^'^ i" Manstiehl alone thissea- 



,, T u • r . :„ . . ■ I • son, and the culture IS rapidly extcndin!T m Coventry 



Mr L. Hoinmidieu, in a paper, contained m ... • uu • . ,-. \ >-"iij( 



m ,■ /•,■ T^f V 7 /I ■ ,i ic •, and Other neighboring towns. One gentleman in 



Transactions of the Mu, lor/c .qgncnltiu-al Societi/ Connecticut last year paid .$1500 for while mulberry 



observed in substance, that a neighbor of his 

 manured twenty square rods of poor, gravelly, dry 

 soil with four thousand menhaden fish, and sowed 

 with rye, at the rate of one bushel to the .acre. In 

 the spring it was twice successively eaten ofT, close 

 to the ground, by sheep lireaking in, after it had 

 acquired a height, of nine inches the first time and 

 six inches the latter. These croppings, however, 

 served to maUo it grow thicker, and stiouger than 

 It was before ; and when harvested it produced 

 •sixteen bushels, or at the rate of one hundred and 

 twentyeight bushels to the acre ; giving to the 

 owner, according to the calculation of Mr Hom- 

 midieu, at the rale of eightyfive dollars the acre of 

 clear profit. Mr Hommidieu said that this account, 

 (wiiich seems almost beyond the hounds of possi- 

 bility) was attested to by many credible witnesses. 

 Time of solving and qnanlilij of seed. — From the 

 middle of August to the middle of September is 

 said by most agriculturists to be the best time for 

 sowing rye. In the ' Memoirs of the New York 

 Board of Agriculture, vol. i. page 82, it is said, 

 ' Rye should be sowed the last week in Aujxust, or 

 the first week m September, at the rate of about 

 36 quarts to an acre, some say 48 (piarts. But if 

 it is not soweil at that time it ought to be delayed 

 until late in November, so that it may not come up 

 till spring.' A poor soil requires earlier sowing than 

 a rich one. If it is soweil early, and the land is 

 in good tilth, one bushel of seed to the acre will be 

 sufficient. For late fall sowin::, or spring sowing, 

 from a bushel and a half to two bushels will (irove 

 a proper quaniity. Other things equtd, the poor- 

 er the soil, the more seed will be required. 



There are two advantages to be anticipated fioni 

 early sowing of this grain. First by sowius 

 early you may iirovide green seed for your sheep 

 late in the fall and early in the spring ; and second- 

 ly, by early sowing and seeding in the fall, the 

 roots of the grain lake such firm and extensive 

 hold of the soil that they are less liable lobe thrown 

 out of the ground by the frosts of autumn, winter 

 and spring, and the plants will be more likely tn 

 «scape being what is called winter killed, which, 

 generally speaking, means being killed by late 

 frosts ill autumn, or early frosts in spring. 



A writer in the American Farmer says 'the 

 great and only secret in regard to insuring a good 



trees, with which he has set out an orchard of one 

 hundred acres. About 1000 bushels of cocoons were 

 sent to Philadelphia last season, and were sold for 

 S'i per bushel. Competent foreigneis are now set- 

 ting up machinery in Mansfield for spinning and 

 weaving the raw article, which has made a great de- 

 mand for cocoons, and given a spur to the business. 

 By means of machinery introduced a year or two 

 since, the value of the raw silk has been enhanced 

 $1 per lb. The business is managed almost exclu- 

 sively by females, requiring very particular attention 

 for only about two weeks each year. The sales of 

 sewing silk in MansfieM alone this year are estima- 

 ted at upwards of 885,000. 



CORRECTIO.V. 



Owing 10 a misapprehension of the manuscript 

 copy of our correspondent ' Oliver's' communication 

 in our last paper, an important omission was made in 

 the first paragraph. It should read thus: 



Mr Fesse.nde.n — In your paper of .^ug. 3, I ob- 

 served some remarks upon an extract from tlic Chris- 

 tian Examiner on the 'Mortgaged farms of N. Eng- 

 land.' Although some ideas there expressed inav 

 be founded in truth, yet I think the spirit in which 

 the article was penned was bad, and ihe principles 

 there laid down are unsound, and will have a very 

 injurious tendency wherever they are received. ' A 

 Farmer' says, 



' It is true thnteven in our f.ivorad land, polilical equal- 

 ity is talked aliout as we would discourse of the milleai- 

 uin, am! accounted rather a subject of hope llian of pre."-- 

 ent fruition, — yet so far from avoiiliug it, we are most 

 grievously at fault, if the grand aim of the founders of 

 our sdvcriiinent, was not the nearest practical approach 

 to polilical equ.dity , or if it does not continue at this dav, 

 tu be the dearest olijcct of pursuit to every sincere friend 

 ol" his country, or of the buiiian race.' 



I think all those who reflect candidly, unbiassed 

 by prejudice, and from a desire to come at the truth 

 of the matter in regard to political equality, will per- 

 ceive that all the real equntiti/ that any government 

 can give a people is the privilege of gnining access to 

 Ihe highest honors mid emoluments through merit, or 

 to leave each individual of a nation in perfect free- 

 dom to pursue tht pith ivhich best suits him, to loealth 

 and distinction, so far as he injures no one else. Any 

 other scheme cannot but be productive of bad re- 

 sults, and prove in the highest degree injurious to 

 the community. 



Deferred Articles. — We have been obliged to omit 

 several articles prepared for t'ds week's paper for warn 

 of room. Among others, notices and hints tVom ' I.oudon'.s 

 crop of rye is early sowing. From the middle I Gardener's Magazine,' including remarks on heating hot 

 of August to the middle of September, I have r"'"^''^ ""y '"''"'""='■• ''5' ""I'^'^'e and excellent correspou- 



always found to be the best time for sowing rye. l7„Vtp?s°''''7I,,i,!!.':TM°" '/'".r"" '"Y^T"/ 

 ,-, .1 , 11, . , daughters. Inquiries relative to the use of lead for 



i'jorn three pecks to a bushel per acre is amidy I covering buildings, &c. &c. 



MOUNT AUBURN CEMKTERY. 



It is graiifyiiig to the friends of this eslaldish- 

 mont to observe that the number of suhsi-riptions 

 originally contemplated to be one hundred, has 

 been rapidly filled up. At a meeting of the suti- 

 Kcribers n siiperintciiding committee has been ap- 

 pointed, ami it has subsequently been determiiied 

 to keep opim the subscription list until the number 

 of lots taken shall amount to two hiiiidied. This 

 course has been taken to acommoilalo those per- 

 sons who have recently ofTered their names as sub- 

 scribers, and those who may do so hereafter, and 

 likewise to provide for the more extensive enibel- 

 lishment and security of the place. 



To correct erroneous inipressinus in regard to 

 the expense likely to be incurred by individuals 

 concerned in this undertaking, the committee have 

 thought it necessary to state that no necessary ex- 

 pense will devolve on any subscriber beyond the 

 price of his lot, which at present is sixty dollars. 

 It will be left Ojitional with proprietors to iiielose 

 their lots, or to letive them o|)cn, to erect costly 

 monimients, or simple ones, or none, — to plant 

 shrubs and flowers, or to leave the soil in a state of 

 nature. No other cotidiiions can be annexed to 

 the conveyances, than such as are necessary to pre- 

 vent defaceinent. and to secure a general protection. 

 To provide for single interments of poisons 

 whose friends may not feel able to incur the ex- 

 pense of a lot, it is proposed that one or more 

 lots shall be set apart, to be under the ssme gener- 

 al protection as the rest of the cemetery. 



It is a part of the origiiiiil design of this establish- 

 ment, though not an obligatory one, that inteiments 

 shall bo made in single or separate graves, rather 

 than in tombs. The nbiiiiilaiit space afforded by 

 the cxtensiveness of the tract which has been pur- 

 chased, precludes the necessity of consiruciing 

 vaults for the promiscuous concentration of niiin- 

 hers. It is believed that the common grave affords 

 the most simple, natural and secure method by 

 which the body may return to the bosom of the 

 earth, to he peacefully blended with its original 

 dust. Whatever consolation can be derived from 

 liie gathering together of members of the sain» 

 families, is provided for by the appropriation oflots, 

 each sufficient for a family, while the provision 

 that the same spot or grave shall not be twice oc- 

 cupied for intertnent, secures to the buried an as-, 

 siirance of protection and rest, not always found 

 in more costly constructions. 



On the same subject another consideration may 

 be added. It is desired that the place may become 

 beaiitiliil, attractive, consoling, — not gloomy and 

 repulsive, — that what the earth has once covered 

 it shall not again reveal to light, — that the resour- 

 ces of art shall not be wasted in vain eflxirts to 

 delay or modify the inevitable courses of nature. 

 It is hoped, therefore, that any sums which indivi- 

 duals may think it proper to devote to the im- 

 provement of the place of sepulture of themselves, 

 and their friends, may be exjicnded above the 

 surface of the earth, — not under it. A beautiful' 

 monument is interesting to every one. A simple 

 bed of roses under the broad canopy of heaven, is 

 a more approachable, a far more soothing object, 

 than the most costly charnel liouse. 



We invite the attention of our readers to tha 

 list of liberal premiums offered by tlie Massachu- 

 setts Society for Promoting Agriculture, in this, 

 week's paper. 



