Vol. X.— N... 12. 



AISD HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



93 



an accom|iaiiinicnt with beaf steak, we consider 

 them a luxury. VVlien boileil, stewed, broiled or 

 pickled, they are excellent ; and from tliem is pre- 

 pared one oftlie finest catsups brought upon the 

 table. From the near resemblance which the 

 mnsliroom bear, to the toad stool, which is a poi- 

 sonous plant there is a strong ])rejudice against 

 them with many who are not sufficiently acquaint- 

 ed with them to distinguish between ihera in all 

 cases. 



As the season has now arrived for gathering 

 them, we will give such directions as we hope 

 will be sufficient for those who may wish to gath- 

 er them, to prevent any mistake which might lead 

 to injurious consequences. Those who are not 

 well acquainted with them should select those of 

 middle growth, when they may be distinguished 

 liy the following characteristics : The stem white 

 and surrounded with a volva or wrapper a small 

 distance below the top, which should bear a re- 

 semblance to an open umbrella. The gills under- 

 neath should be of a bright flesh or pink color, 

 with a pleasant smell. The small buttons or 

 young ones when they first come out of the ground 

 are considered most delicate, but are not so readily 

 distinguished from the deleterious kinds, by those 

 unacquainted with them, as when they are more 

 expanded. On the contrary the deleterious kind 

 most common is of a dingy white, above and be- 

 neath, and has a sickly nauseous smell, sufficient 

 to distinguish it from the other. When gathered 

 mushrooms should be put into cold water and 

 washed clean from any dirt which may adhere to 

 them, after which, for general instruction cook 

 them as oysters. — Genesee Farmer. 



From the Western Ploughboy. 



Mr Sawter. — In the fore part of May last, I 

 had a valuable horse seized with the bots, and in a 

 few moments was evidently in the greatest cigony 

 imaginable. My wife immediately referred me 

 to the cure ])ublished in the second number, page 

 sixteen of the Ploughboy. I immediately tried it, 

 but was compelled to sweeten the milk with sugar. 

 In a few moments after I drenched my horse with 

 about three pints of it, he evidently was better 

 and relieved of his distress; got up, shook him- 

 self, and whiskered after other horses. 



At ihis time a horse doctor arrived, whom I had 

 previously sent for, and like a bold Jacksonian, 

 said he went the ' whole hog' for the spirits of 

 turpentine. I told him I thoug-ht the horse better, 

 but left it for him to say, as I was no horse doctor. 

 He insisted on giving the spirits of turpentine liy 

 drenching. My horse's head was then reined up, 

 and a half pint of the spirits turpentine poured into 

 his riglit nostril, (as he refuseil to swallow it when 

 turned into his mouth) and the effect was distress- 

 ing. I observed to the doctor, the turpentine 

 would be most likely to go into his lungs while his 

 head was in that position ; but the reply was no : 

 with a nod of wisdom, as if the gods directed him. 

 But, alas ! for my ])oor horse ! The application 

 was a fatal one. He was seized while in the hands 

 of the /inow-evcrii-thing, and yet know-nothing 

 doctoi-, with a distressing cough ; it continued, 

 and on the fomth or fifth day, his lungs were in 

 a high slate of inCammation, his breathing was la- 

 borious, his eyes were glassy, his thirst insupporta- 

 ble, his hoofs dry and crumbling, his mane began 

 to fall off, thin stranguary ensued, dimness of 

 sight, stiSness of the joints, serous blisters were 

 on various parts of bis body, deafness, suffusion of 



mucus in the bronchia or \vind|iipe, total blindness 

 and death. Thus ended the services of a most 

 valuable horse, that fell a victim to the caprice of 

 a braggadocio mountebank. Let the owners of 

 propi.'ily be careful, who they enqjloy to doctor 

 their horses, as well as themselves and families. 



Since the death of my horse, I have conversed 

 with a very intelligent man, who tells me he lost 

 a very valuable horse by drenchiiig with spirits of 

 turpentine, in the same manner, and that he died 

 with precisely the same symptoms. He is a man 

 ofmidoubted veracity, by the name of Johnson, 

 and lives in this county. 



N. B. I have tried the milk and honey of late in 

 a case of bots, and it produced immediate relief. 

 I believe it to bean infallible remedy when follow- 

 ed with physic, it is a remedy that carries reason 

 with it and no other should be made use of. 

 Yours, Daniel Roberts. 



Sandi/ Bluffs, Morgan co. Ml. 



MODES OF FARMING IN DIFFERENT SEC- 

 TIONS COMPARED. 



In the Western States it is not uncommon for a 

 farnior to have si.x, eiglit, or ten hundred acres un- 

 der cultivation, in grass, grain, and other crops. 

 We have frequently seen 200 acres of corn in one 

 field in Ohio and Indiana. Corn in many places is 

 raised without hoeing. Harrowing and ploughing 

 once or twice are considered sufficient to secure 

 good crops. 



These statements will be almost incredible with 

 our brethren at the East, who consider one or two 

 hundred acres as much as any farmer can manage 

 to advantage. On the other hand, some of our 

 Western farmers will be astonished at the state- 

 ment made in the preceding article, vvhere it is said 

 that 50 or 100 acres sujiport large and respectable 

 families in many instances in New England. The 

 general opinion in the Western States is, that the 

 Eastern farmers labor severely. ' This,' says Mr 

 Niles, ' is a great mistake ; they have much leisure 

 because thty do not waste time. With them, there 

 is a place for everything, and everything is in its 

 place. Their houses and cattle are attended to 

 with clocklike regularity. Nothing is put off till 

 tomorrow which can be done today. Economy 

 is wealth, and system affords ease. — These men 

 are seldom in a hurry, except in harvest time. And 

 in the long winter evenings, or severe weather 

 which forbids employment out of doors, one man 

 makes corn brooms, another shoes, a third is a 

 cooper or tailor,' and if necessary, he can display 

 his Yankee ingenuity in all these trades combined, 

 or anything else which necessity requires. ' One 

 woman spins, another weaves, another plaits leg- 

 horn or grass bonnets, and a fourth makes lace,' 

 while the fair daughters are attending to the con- 

 cerns of the larder. ' Little children and the aged 

 persons knit stockings.' — Southern paper. 



The First Saw-Mill. — The old practice in mak- 

 ing boards was to split up the logs with wedges ; 

 and inconvenient as the practice was, it was no 

 easy matter to persuade the world that the thing 

 could be done in any better way. Saw-mills were 

 first used in Europe in the 1.5th century; but so 

 lately as 1555, an English ambassador, having 

 seen a saw-mill in France, thought it a novelty 

 which deserved a i)articular description. It is 

 amusing to see how the aversion to labor-saving 

 machinery has always agitated England. The 

 first saw-mill was established by a Dutchman, in 



1G63; but the public outcry against the new- 

 fangled machine was so violent, that the proprietor 

 was forced to decatiqj with more expedition than 

 ever did a Dutchman before. The evil was thus 

 kept out of England for several years, or rather 

 generations; but in 1768, an unlucky timber mer- 

 chant, hoping that after so long a time the public 

 would be less watchful of its own interests, made 

 a rash attempt to construct another mill. The 

 guardians of the public welfare, however, were 

 on the alert, and a conscientious mob at once col- 

 lected and pulled the mill to pieces. Such pat- 

 riotic spirit could not always, last and now' 

 though we have nowhere seen the fact distinctly 

 stated, there is reason to believe the saw-willa are 

 used in England. — M Y. Paper. 



Coal — Lackawana Coal cheaper than any other 

 species of fuel. In the city of New York, where 

 the consumption of fuel is immense, it has become 

 of great consequence to ascertain which species is, 

 relatively, the cheapest, and from the following 

 statement, which we extract from Burrill and Clay- 

 ton's Price Current, Anthracite, (Lackawana) it 

 appears, has the advantage over every other sort of 

 fuel. 



Liverpool coal, at $10 per chaldron, delivered, 

 is for 36 bushels, twentyseven and three quarters 

 cents |)er bushel. 



Lehigh coal, at S9 50 per ton, delivered is fur 28 

 bushels, thirtyfour cts. per bushel. 



Schuylkill coal, at 9 50 per ton, delivered, is for 

 29 bushels, thirtytwo and three quarters cents per 

 bushel, 



Lackawana, coal, at $8 per ton, delivered, is for 

 33 bushels, twentyfour and a quarter cents per 

 bushel. 



It appears, therefore, that the 



Price paid for 36 l)ushels of Liverpool coal, will 

 purchase 41 and a quarter bushels of Lackawana. 



Price paid for 29 bushels of Schuylkill, will pur- 

 chase 39 bushels of Lackawana. 



A ton of Anthracite coal is estimated to be equal 

 to six cart loads of hard wood (N. Y. measure.) — 

 Uls'.er Sentinel. 



Smoking. — The saliva serves the important pur- 

 pose of mixing and preparing the food for the 

 stomach ; hence it ought not to be unnecessarily 

 squandered by frequent spitting. The strange 

 custom of smoking tobacco is on that account ex- 

 tremely hurtful, as it weakens the organs ofdiges- 

 tion, deprives the body of many useful fluids, and 

 has a direct tendency to emaciate it, particularly 

 in young persons and those of lean and dry fibres. 

 To these it is the more detrimental, that it promotes 

 not only the spitting of saliva, but likewise other 

 evacuations. The practice not only vitiates tiie 

 digestion, but impairs the understanding, and stu- 

 pifies the powers of the wind. — Dr Jf'iUieh. 



In reply to a request in the New Haven Adver- 

 tiser, for a remedy for sheep or cattle poisoned by 

 eating wild cherry leaves, S. J. Tulty, Esq. Say- 

 brook, Conn, recommends a liquor strained from 

 the leaves of the plantain bruised, and a little hot 

 water poured upon them, used as soon as it is cold. 

 A gill is suflicient for a sheep ; but for a bullock be 

 has never tried it. 



A heath peach was recently raised on the Min- 

 eral Spring farm, Richmond, weighing 10 oz. and 

 measuring 10 1-4 inches round. 



