114 



NEW ENGLAND FAllJMER, 



Oct. '26, ISSl, 



strong lattice work, leading tea cesr'-pool in the A g' S" J C «l 1 t II 1' a 1 . 



passage, whence the water can he taken out hy - ■ 



utensils 'without opening the inner door; hut very | BRISTOL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 

 freiincnily full confidence is had in the coolness ofi -pjje Comniittee appointed to examine and con- 

 the situation, especially if the suirounding-soil.be gjjer the claims for premiums for the BEST 

 dry. Where the surrounding soil is moist, a j CULTIVATED FARMS, ofler the following 

 frame work or cage of carpentry, grated at hot- 1 Report : — 



torn, is constructed in the cellar, so as to be from j There was but one claimant, Henry Garb- 

 one to two feet apart from the floor, sides and roof,; ^-j-r^ E^q. of Sw.insey. On the 12th of July we 

 and in this the ice is as perfectly preserved as in examined his farm situated on Gardner's Neck, 

 a dry soil. Ice is kept in the cellars of confec- ; go called, lying between Cole's and Lee's rivers 

 tioners, and also by some of the market gardeners, I all,,, It two miles west in an air line from Fall 

 in houses with a very thick covering of straw or River, having a full view of that village and the 

 reeds. parts adjacent. The farm consists of 40 acres, 



of which 10 are mowing, 12 pasturage, 2J- or- 

 charding, and the remaining 15^ tillage, includ- 

 ing the buildings and appropriate yards. The 

 farm is divided into small lots, nearly square, of 

 three or four acres each, hy strong stone walls, 

 five feet in height on every side, except those 

 lots winch bound on the rivers. The public road 

 running a southerly course on the height of land, 

 divides the farm nearly in the centre, and a pri- 

 vate road, part of which is walled on both sides, 

 divides it into north and south compartments, 

 having the lots on each side, which circumstance 

 gives an easy access to any part of it. The soil 

 is alluvial wiih a good proportion of sand and 

 loam. About 300 loads of manure made of sea- 

 weed, besides fish and other matters from the sta- 

 bles are used on the farm annually. 



Tlie anmial produce of the farm is about 15 

 tons of English hay, 100 bushels of Indian corn, 

 100 bushels of rye, 700 bushels of onions, 800 

 bushels of potatoes, 500 bushels of turnips, and 

 (■ider, apples, pears, ])eaches and culinary vege- 

 lablns in abundance lor family use. The stock 

 consists of 4 oxen, 2 cows, 4 young creatures, 1 

 horse, 20 sheep and 6 hogs. Four oxen are 

 fatted yearly on grass, tinnipa and potatoes, pro- 

 ducing about 4000 |)Ounds of beef. The 6 hogs 

 aie falti.d on meal, one third of rye and two thirds 

 of Indian corn. This mode of fattening swini-, 

 Mr Gardni r thinks is the best, the rye having a 

 tendency to keep the l)ovvels in a pood state. — 



To keep ice in stacks or heaps jn the open air 

 an elevated circular platform (a) is raised of earth ; 

 on this the ice is piled up in a conic form during a 

 severe frost, and the addition of water enables the 

 builder to form the cone very steep. On this cone 

 wheat straw is laid a foot in thickness, (b) over 

 this a stratum of fagot wood or spray (c) and 

 finally another thick stratum of thatch or long lit- 

 ter of any sort (d). In this way ice will keep a 

 year, care being taken to expose it to the air as 

 short lime as possible in obtaining supplies. 



The form of ice houses, commonly adopted at 

 country seats, both in hritaiu and France is gener- 

 ally that of an inverted cone, or rather lien's egg 

 with the broad end uppermost. 



The proj)er situation for an ice house is that of 

 a dry spot of ground, as wherever there is moist- 

 ure the ice will he liable to dissolve ; of course in 



all strong soils, which retain tho wet, too much j xhe six" swine usually produce 1800 pounds of 

 care cannot he taken to make drains all lound the j .,ork. 



house to cany ofl' moisture. The situation should | Mr Gardner has no particular mode of raising 

 likewise be elevated, that there may be ilcscent ^.0^11, but manures his L'round designed for that 

 enough to convey oft" any wot that may arise near nrlicle very highly. As to rye he observes some 

 it, or from the ice melting. rotation of crojis. lie plants his potatoes early 

 in the Spring, gathers them in the last of August 



Mammoth produclions. — A gentleman, presented , or first of Septendier ; then immediately ploughs 

 us, on JMonday last, with a jiair of Mammoth Ra- and sows the groiuni with rye. In July follow- 

 rlishes, which grew upon the premises of Mr John ing the rye is reaped and the stubble turned in 

 CocKELL, of O-xford township, in this county. One with the plough and turnip seed was sown on the 

 of which vveighs^^i'e ;joitnrfs an J a jiiar/e?-, and the top. In this manner, remembering always to 

 other_/bur ;)0!»i(/s niirf n quarter. A small family ; keep the land highly manured,. he raises about 

 might subsist on them for a month or two. Fur thirty bushels of rye to the acre, anil from 200 

 ourselves we can say, that Chester county cannot to 300 bushels of turnips from the same acre and 

 beat Mr Cuckell's radishes. — Germantoicn jTc/- 1 in the same year. 



egraph. I The orchard consists of good fruit trees, which 



are large, thrifty, well pruned, and so near to- 



Produdive Squash Vine. — Wc are informe<l that getber as to shade the ground in such a manner 

 Solon Whiting, Esq. of Lancaster, Mass. raised 1 as that few weeds would grow. In fact such is 



The amount of yearly produce, exclusive of sup- 

 I)orting the fanuly, is about 675 dollars, leaving 

 a yearly profit of 475 dollars beyond the expenses. 

 Your Committee were highly gratified with the 

 neatness, good cultivation and management of 

 this farm ; aiul although Mr Gardner had no 

 couipetitor, yet the Committee recommend a 

 premium often dollars and volume of the New 

 England Farmer. 



Roland Green, 



milttt. 



KOLAND (jREEN, \ 



Alfred Baylies, \ Commili 

 Jacob Deane, J 



this season 228 lbs. of crooked necked Squashes 

 from a single seed. 



Large Potato. — A long red potato, raised the 

 present season, by A. Otis, Jr. of Barni^tahle, 

 weighed, after the dirt was washed off, three and 

 three quarters pounds, exclusive of three lateral 

 jirongs, broken off in digging. 



the cultivation of this farm, that very few weed 

 were observed by the Committee. The barn is 

 24 by 56 feet and sufficiently high to hold thirty 

 tons of hay. Tlie barn yard is in front of the 

 barn, a southern exposure. Adjoining the barn 

 yard are the yard and sty for the swine. 



The expenses of labor, &c, in cultivating his 

 farm are about two hundred dollars annually. — 



From ttie Yeoman's GazeUe. 



MIDDLESEX AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 

 The Committee on Farms, Fruits and Forest 

 Trees, respectfully make the following 

 REPORT : 

 In the month of September last, they proceeded 

 to examine the several Farms, Orchards, &c, 

 duly entered for Premiums, which were as 

 hereafter mentioned. 



FOREST TREES. 

 The only application for a premium for Forest 

 Trees, was made by Mr John B. Clarke, of Con- 

 cord, for his plantations of White Oaks. — His 

 Oaks rover somewhat more than an acre of ground ; 

 were sown broadcast, and harrowed in, part in 

 1827, and part in 1S29, but have not received that 

 attention, necessary to give them u vigorous 

 grovlh, being almost entirely covered with grass 

 and herbage. 



The Comniittee commend the object of Mr 

 Clarke in this experiment, but do not think him 

 entitled to a. premium. 



ORCHARDS. 



1. The Orchard of Mr NEHEMtAH Hunt, Jr. of 

 Concord. This Orcliard contains about 120 

 trees; raised by himself, planted in 1819, grafted 

 at the ground in 1821, and set out in 1826, 1828, 

 1830 and 1831. The Trees are set in rows on« 

 and a half rods apart. There has been nothing 

 peculiar in the mode of cultivation. A little more 

 attention to the trimming and shaping the trees 

 your Committee think would ad.1 to their appear- 

 ance and value. 



2. The Orchard of Mr James Edstis, of South 

 Reading, contains barely Trees enough, in different 

 l)arcels, to entitle him to a premium. .Some of 

 them look well but others evidently watit atten- 

 tion. 



3. The Orchard of Mr Martin How, of Marl- 

 boro', covers about two acres of ground and con- 

 tains about 90 Trees; they were set in 1827, in 

 rows, 30 feet apart ; all engrafted in the nursery. 

 The trees have not obtained a very large growth, 

 hilt the Committee think, by a continuance of cul- 

 tivation and a little more attention to pruning and 

 shaping the tops, Mr How will make a very fin« 

 Orchard of it, in a few years. 



4. The Orchard of .Mr Robert Chaffin, of 

 Acton. This Orchard covers two pieces of ground, 

 one contains about two acres, on which are 114 

 Trees, and the other three fourths of an acre, on 

 which are 34 Trees; the first were set in 1826, 

 and the last in 1828. The trees are in rows, one 

 and a half rods apart. Mr Chaffin's trees ar« 

 thrifty, but the formation of their tops is very indit 

 ferent; whether owing to the species of fruit, or 1 

 want of attention, the Committee are not abU 

 certainly to determine ; — they arc inclinefl, how- 

 ever, to think both these causes combined effeeJ I 



