Vol. X No. 17. 



AND nOiniCULTURAL JOURNAL. 



131 



dilioii of llie l;ilpiir']ilg |>oijiiliiliuii in oik! cuuiitiy, Lowitl Uiiilroad. — The localiDii of tliis Rail- 



fruiii ri'giilaiiiig llie coudidoii of ihe same clas.s loadi.-i nearly coinploted. The iiicliiiation of the 



ill ;ill other coiiiitfies coiincctetl wiih it. It is, road from the horizon, will not exceed in any part 



scarcely necessary to state, that as the lahoring ten feet in a mile. It terminates in this city, near 



nopnlation, in all oomitrics, forms the mass of tlie 

 coiniiumilv ; and as Iheir lalior must he the chief 

 source of the public wealth, the pro.-^peritv of the 

 country depeuils on the (uinditioii of this part of 

 the popul.iii(Ui. Where iJie laborer receives a 

 generous portion of tlie products of his toil and 

 skill, tlie country is prosperous ; anil it languishes 

 where his share is mean and inadeipiale. In 

 most (d' the comitiics of Europe the wages of 

 labor are depressed to the point of a meagre sub- 

 sistence. It is impossible therefore, other things 

 being equal, that the industry of any other country 

 shoidd, without protection in the outset, enter into 

 coinpeiiiion with that of Europe, till its hiboris 

 ground do\vu to the same standard. It has been 

 the object of the economical system of the United 

 States, to seciu'e to the labor of the <'ountry a just 



the entrance to Warren bridge, on the westerly 

 side of the bridge. The road will enter the city 

 by a viaduct to be erected across Charles river, 

 east of the Canal bridge. 



Machinery and Capital. — We copy the followin 

 extraordinary statement from the Mechanics' Mag- 

 azine ;itspeiiks volumes. — ' Mr Crawshay's Iron 

 Works. — Nmnber of persons employed, 5,000. 

 Annual sinn expended for labor, £300,000. 

 Number of horses employed, 450. Number of 

 ttaam-engines, 8; each of 50 horse-power, but going 

 night and day, doing the work of 21,000 horses. — 

 Water wheels 9, equal to the power of 954 horses. 

 — Furnaces, 84 ; each about 50 feet high ami wido 

 roportion. Forges, 3. — Foundry, 1. Rolling 



mills, S. — Boring mill, 1. — Annually used for mix 



and equitable, but not an cvtravagant, portion of I ing with the iron ore, iron stone, 90,000 tons, 



the prodiicls. Of this last evil, however, there is I lime, 40,000 tons. — Amuially consumed, coals 



the less danger as it must of m-cessily be checked ] 200,000 tons, gunpowder, 30,000 lbs., candles, 



by that competition, which encouragement inva- I 120,000 lbs.— One hundre<l and twenty miles of 



riably priidiu-es. The iriomcnt a branch of indits- 1 tram railway have been laid down for the use of 



try is overpai 1, it is thronged, till the compensation 1 these works, besides which there is a canal of 



falls to the average of other pursuits. several miles, with aqueducts, bridges, &c. — Of 



PA \ ADA (''^)'rTf^V tiaiu wagons, made chiefly of iron, there are ma- 



. ,, ^ I ' ' ". \, ,.'.,' . . nv thousand. — Mr Crawshav has lately built a cas- 



A Montreal paper gives the lollovving account /_ ,. ., . i . . . ■', , 



. . '. . . .1 1 1 7^ . • t lor his own rcsK ence in the vicmitv 01 1 he works, 



of an experiment in spinning the wild Cotton m' - ' 



Canada. 



Among the various plants whioli nature in her 

 Canadian wihlness produces in profusion, few have 

 jierbaps been considered of less value than that 

 which by the Canadians is called Cottonier. Cart 

 loads, nay sliip loads of its seed are blown away 

 I)y the wind yearly, and .yet that seed has now 

 been ascertained lobe convertible to a most useful 

 and oven important purpose. For this discovery 

 the, public are indebted to the observation and 

 perseverance ofthj; lady of Dr Stewart Chisbolm, 

 of Glengary, in Upper Canada, who resolved upon 

 uiaUiug the attempt to spin some of the wild cot- 

 ton, heretofore lost to any good purpose. This 

 attempt has so entirely succeeded, that not only 

 has Mrs Chisbolm spun a very large quantity of 

 the material, but has caused it to be woven into 

 a sort of etoffe, most valuable in this rude climate, 

 for many purposes, in the habitant's and cottager's 

 establishment. We have been favored with a piece 

 of the manufactured stuff, cut fioni this web, and 

 which nil persons, desirous of so doing, will be 

 welcome to inspect at the Herald Office. 



which covers an area of 174 square feet, and con- 

 tains 72 apartments; the locks and binges alone 

 cost £700. — There is a pinery attached to the cas- 

 tle, which is heated by steam, and costs £850 

 yearly ; an extensive grapery also, that costs 

 nearly as much. — English paper. 



Rail Roads. — The following paragraph from the 

 Louisville Advertiser shows Ihe confidence enter 

 tuined by foreigners as well as Americans of the 

 success of Rail Roads in this country. 



Professor Dudley, of Lexington, Ky., who has 

 been for some months past travelling in Europe, 

 for the purpose of piircbasiug books, apparatus, &c, 

 for the use of tlie Transylvania Medical College, 

 has written, we understand, to a friend in Lexing- 

 ton, to increase his subscription of $10,000 to the 

 Kentucky Rail Road, to .$20,000. The Professor 

 assures bis friends in Lexington, that the whole 

 amount of ?tock of the ccmtemplated Rail Road 

 would be readily taken in Europe. It is also stat- 

 ed, that be had been authorized by a Parisian 



Canker Jf'orm. — The Canker Grub is more ab tin- 

 dant this fall than it has ever been knownbefore, 

 snd if instant measures are not taken to prevent 

 its aa;ent into the fruit trees, they can acarcely 

 fail U be totally ruined next year. A mistaken 

 iiotiqii has heretofore prevailed, that the grub did 

 not iscend till the Spring ; but the fact is, that it 

 leaits the ground at this season, lays its eggs and 

 die(, and the worms are hatched in the Spring. 

 Mich of the mischief, it is to be feared, is already 

 doje ; but perhaps an immediate resort to tarring 

 anj other preventives may be beneficial. — Salem 

 Gkette. 



Itlammoth Squash. — Raised this season by Mr. 

 TJisk, of Fayette, Cbautauqne county, N. Y. a 

 Sjiiish, weighing eighti/six pounds, and measuring 

 rdind five feet four inches and a half. It grew 

 itlthe vicinity where the Big Black Walnut tree 

 spoil, which has so much astonished the European 

 ibrld, and is a fair sfiecimen of the richness of 

 tip soil in the vicinity where they grew. Fayette 

 lit outdone by the natural and cultivated product 

 qtbe soil. — Fredonia Censor. 



jJln American Gourd. — There is a Gourd at the 

 ,/useuni, the> growth of the present season, under 

 k'hose shade a modern Jonah or even Goliath might 

 •epose. It measures five feet four and a half inches 

 n circumference, and weighs fifty six pounds. It 

 vas raised in Hubbardston, by Mr Aaron Green- 



THE DOMESTIC CAT IJIVING FOR FISHES. 

 Sir — In reading that delightful little worfc of 

 Mr White's, The jYatural History of Selborne, 

 the propensity of can for fish, and their repug- 

 nance to wetting their feet, are remarked by liio 

 intelligent. •lUtlior. An anecdote or two of these 

 beautiful but maligned quadrupeds, [uoviiig tlieir 

 piscivorous natures in the one case, and in the 

 other a strong natural antipathy overcome by a 

 still more powerful propensity, will perhaps be 

 amusing to some of your readers, who like myself, 

 have a reg^ard for every thing 'which lives, and 

 moves, and has a being.' In the centre of my 

 father's garden was a fish-pond, stocked with vari- 

 ous kinds of fish. Many a time and oft have I 

 witnessed puss (and a very pretty tortoisesliell 

 puss she was, and a great favorite withal) watch- 

 ing at its brink fur its finny inmates, and on their 

 apjiearing at the surface darting on her prey, and 

 in spite of the wetting and ducking she encounter- 

 ed, bringing them in triuinpli to the pond's edge, 

 and regaling on the delicious fare. This sport, I 

 believe, she continued in the enjoyment of till the 

 day of her death ; and so amused were we with 

 her angling powers that no obstruction was ever 

 thrown in her way. The pond, moreover, was 

 not, as some may imagine, sloping in its bottom 

 and picturesque m its appearance, but it was com- 

 pletely a cockney pond in its tout ensemble, octnn- 

 giilarin its shape, of precise equality in its depth, 

 with a (lavement smooth and regular both in the 

 sides and base ; therefore, before this puss could 

 gratify her taste, a plunge was to be taken which 

 was sufficient to make the stoutest cat's heart trein. 

 ble. 



The other anecdote relates to a cat of more ex- 

 traordinary acquirements, which belonged to one 

 of my workmen. In a large and deep pond at 

 my premises in il^g Green Lanes, a stock — not of 

 fish, but of rats — had accumulated, the destruct- 

 ion of which was undertaken by this uncommon 

 cat. He was daily in the habit, for nine or ten 

 years, of stationing himself on the margin of the 

 water, and of jumjiing into the liqnirt element on 

 the appearance of his game. A dr.y seldom 

 closed unsucces.-fully, and he has been ecen and 

 known to catch and bring from the watery deep 

 four of these vile vermin betwixt sunrise and sun- 

 set. As I said, this amusement was kept up by 

 hiin for the space of nine or ten years, in fact until 

 his rat-catching powers deserted iiim : and when 

 his teeth became all extracted in the |ierformance 

 of his daily feats, and his master had him killed, that 

 the niiserablo death of starvation might not await 

 him. This cat was truly n sportsman, aad pursued 

 the sport solely for the love of it ; he caught his 

 game with avidity, but never eat a morsel ; so that 

 the pleasure of the chase alone had charms 

 enough in his mind to vanquish one of the strong- 

 est antipathies of his nature. — Loudon^s 'Mag. 



vood, nephew of the superintendent of the Museum, 

 capitalist to subscribe for him to the amount of i 'om seed brought by Mr Moses G. from a place 700 

 $30,000. The contracts for part of the road will uilea west of Little Rock in Arkansas Territory. — 

 be let out during the present month, i/VaveMer, 



The editor of the Sporting Magazine, in his last 

 number, gives the following advice, which may not 

 be considered ill-timed, as on many large estates not 

 a single Partridge Survived the great snow of last 

 winter: 



' Partridges. — It has been well suggested to put 

 the questio.-. to all farmers and liberal sportsmen, 

 whether it is not highly expedient to forbear the, 

 taking of Partridges altogether the ensuing season ? 

 By that means only can the ravages of the last win- 

 ter be repaired. No genuine lover of the trigger will 

 draw one upon a Partridge this fall. For ourselves 

 we are determined not to buy oi; taste one until th« 

 fall of 1832.' 



