166 



NEW E^».n AM) FAUMER, 



si«»^al«KJaCwS^EWS**l^ 



Dec. 7, IbSl/ 



DOSTUM, WEDNBSDAY EVENING, DEC. 7, 1831. 



as Jou Wiinl lo use lire wood iiiiil let an t-liUif, new 

 giowili slarl up wIjrIi will grow more rapidly.' 



SHOW OF DUTTER AND CHEESE. 

 Yesteriljy was the day assigned for the Exhibition of 

 Butter and Cheese, at Faneuil Hall, for ilie liberal pre- \ cottise'to pursue in planting fruit seeds and stunts. 



j You haVHtissigiieil sundry reasons for their lailiiri-, 



PLANTING FRUIT SEEDS. 

 Mr FksseiNDEn — Your correspoiuleiit M. of 

 Maine, asks tor iiifonniiljoii res|iectiiig tlte proper 



iniums oflered by several gentlemen of Boston, and by 

 the Massachusettts Agricultural Society. About 60 lots 

 were presented from various parts of New England ; the 

 quality of the butter was considered generally superior 

 to that of list year. 



The following award has just been announced by E. 

 Hersev Derby, Esq. Chairman of the Committee :— 



PREMIUMS ON BUTTER. 



1st prenuuni of $100 to Luther Chamberlain of Westbo- 



rough, Mass. 

 2d ditto of $50 to Henry Sprague o( the Boylston Farm, 



rrincetoi), Mass. 

 3d ditto of $30 to Seth Davenport of Mendon, Mass. 

 4th ditto of $20 lo Samuel Sawyer, 2(1, of Sterling, Mass. 

 5th ditto of $15 to Gabriel Parlier of Weslboro, Mass. 

 6th ditto of $10 to Mrs Lydia Page of Hardwiclf, Mass. 



PREMIUMS ON OLD CHEESE. 



1st premium of $100 to Ebenezer Tidd of New Brain- 

 tree, Mass. 

 2d ditto of $50 to John Matthews of New Braintree, Ms. 



ON NEW CHEESE. 



1st prenuum of $50 to Roswell Converse of New Brain- 

 tree, Mass 

 2d ditto of $30 to David Lee of Barre, M.iss. 



We shall next week publish the Report of the Commit- 

 tee, with a particular account of the names and residen- 

 ces of the competitors, &c. 



FARMEIl'S WORK FOR DECEMBER. 



The fanner slionlil ohtaiii his year's j^lock of 

 fuel as early in the season as possilih-, iiiiil liefore 

 the depth of snow in the woodlands renders it 

 lii'.ncult to traver.'se them hy a team. It would he 

 belter for iiiriiiprs, t'enerally speuUinir, where wood 

 is not eheap and plenty, to use the saw instead of 

 lliR a.\e in preparing wood for the fire. It is said 

 that a fire composed of billets of wood, not iii'-re 

 tnan 14 inelies long, will give more than two thirds 

 !is uitich heat into a room as lliat made of wood 

 of double the length ; and that billets of from 3 to 

 4 inches in dininetor, on a inediinn will be fotiiid 

 irio.'t economical. 



A valuable jmper, by tliellnn. .7. \Velle>-, oiigi- 

 nally published in the Mass. Agr. Repository, re- 

 coiiimends cutting bard wooil trees between 40 

 and 50 years of age, ami the writer states ll at 

 ' Iliongb trees may siioot np in height by standing 

 longer, yet the period of the most rapid vegeta- 

 tion is mostly over anti by this means miieb of the 

 under growth is destroyeil.' Mr Welles is of opin- 

 ion that in cutting over a wood lot to olitain fuel 

 it is best to take the whole growth as ymi proceed. 

 He observes that ' we have been condenmed as 

 evincing a want of ta.-te in cutting off our forests 

 without leaving what it would lake half a century 

 po produre, a shade near where it is )>ioposed to 

 erect buildings. The fact is that trees of original 

 growth have their roots mostly in the Ujpir stra- 

 t,utn of earth, ainl near the surface. A tree acts 

 Upon its roots, ami i? aeled upon by the wind, sus- 

 taining in coniinou with the w hole forest the force 

 of this element, and it beeonie.s accoiiiiTiodaled or 

 naturalized to this pressure. But when left alone 

 or iinsustaiiied, it is borne down by the first gale, 

 often 10 the iiijiuy of properly and even of life.' 

 The Farmer's .'Assistant likewise says ' if woods are 

 old and decayitig the better way is to cut all off, 



but the true one 1 apprehend has not been stated. 

 Fiom long experience on this subject I have 

 found that the action of a severe winter frost is 

 essential to their vegetation. If ibis doctrine be 

 correct, the depth of snow remaining through the 

 winter on giound not previously frozen, us was 

 the case here, and probably in Maiiie, was a suf- 

 ficient cause for the liiilure. Whether the action 

 of frost in itself conduces to the vegetation of this 

 kiml of f. nit, or v^heiher it only facilitates it by 

 preparing the envelope to give way to the impri- 

 soned seeil in its ellorts to obiaiii beat and light, 

 which are esseiitial, are questions which I cannot 

 with confidence determine. I have cracked stones 

 that had been secured from frost and planteil 

 them iii the spring, when no vegetation ensued. 

 Perhaps they bad been kept loo dry. 1 intend to 

 renew the experiment with some I have reserved 

 for the purpose in n moist cellar. In planting 

 fruit seeds anil stmies, my custom lias been to 

 excavate the surface, and to throw the stones into 

 the cavity when the earth is moist, and cover it 

 with a board, or what I have found beticr, to put 

 Iheni into some slijillow vessel level with the sur- 

 face and cover it with a thin sod. After prepar- 

 ing my ground in the spring I crack the stones, 

 and lightly cover them in trenches. On account 

 of the great prevalence of the wire worm I have 

 some seasons omitted to crack the stones, that the 

 seed might be longer protected by the shell. Not 

 a dozen where 1 e.vpeeted thousands made their 

 appearance, in ikis case, last spring. After a 

 frosty winter, I have not found it useful to disturb 

 the shell. This failure I consider a suspension 

 oidy, with but the loss of one year's growth, as we 

 may calculate from present appearances that 

 there will be frost suflicicnt before next spring 

 to open the shell. 



For a Cew years past I have adopted an addi- 

 tional method. After stiving the stones from the 

 fruit consumed, for the purpose of | la;iting, as 

 abocc, mentioned, (Ur Darwin's pulp I consider of 

 no use) I tread into the earth what remains under 

 the tree. These stones 1 finil will vegetate from 

 ten to fifteen days sooner than those otherwise 

 managed, and become much larger and more vig- 

 orous. When the ste!u is a little hardened I take 

 ihein np with a trowel and transplant them in the 

 ntir.sery. I r.m now mostly dependent on the birds 

 for my niiizzard cherry stock.s. Two years ago 

 they furnished nic with two thousand trees which 

 grew two feet in height the first season, and fur- 

 nished trees sufficiently large for budding. 

 Respectlully your friend and servant, 

 irorccster, jVov. 28, 1831. O. Flske. 



eviry season since 1827, the yield varying froin 

 20 to 28 biashels per acre, ll has been Hv ice sown 

 on an old plain (the soil of which is a line grav- 

 el) which has been under cultivation more than 



100 years Tliesoil of the field in which I raised 



it last Reason is a light loam. — From what 1 have 

 seen of this wheal t am siiiisfied that it is a more 

 certain crop than rye. — It lies been raised by 

 several of my neighbors and I lune never known 

 an instance of its blasting. I have found it neces- 

 sary to manure more highly where I sow wheat 

 than where I raise rye. 



PLA.^Tl^G Peach Stoises&c. 



A correspondent in the last New Englamr 

 Fanner wishes to be informed of the best luetb-' 

 od of planting the peach and other fruit stones^ 

 and as we are all prone to think our own niodo 

 best, I take the liberty of stating mine. I take a 

 box ill the fall, throw in a little etirtli and placo 

 such stones as I wish to plant on it — then fill th» 

 box with earth and place it iii an exposed situ- 

 ation and let it remain until I ]dant my garden, 

 when I empty my box and collect the stones and 

 crack them ; take out the meats and plant them- 

 in rows 2 or 3 inches deep. If your correspond- 

 ent will try this method I believe he will find 

 it a good one, if not the best. 



Yours &.C, E. A. E. ~ 



Killingworlh, Con. Aor. 29, 1831. 



WINTER WHEAT. 



Mr Fessenden — Having seen your notice ofihe 

 leception of a quantity of the Black Sea White 

 Flint wheat, and feeling desiious of promoting 

 the cultivation of this very valuable grain, I can 

 state for the information and encouragement of 

 those farmers who may have doubts of its suc- 

 cess in New England, that it has been raised here 



PARMENTIER'S HORTICILTURAL GAR- 

 DEN FOR SALE. 

 We understand that Madam Parmentier finding, 

 it inconvenient to carry on the Horticultural Bo- 

 tanic Garden at Brooklyn, ha.s determined to dis- 

 pose of it. This offers a fini^ (i|>portunity for a per- 

 son disposed to enter iijion that business. The 

 estaldisliment contains about fourteen acres of 

 ground, inclosed by a very high stone wall laid in 

 lime UKirlar, and is situated at tlie junctions of two 

 of the most public turnpikes on Long Island, with- 

 in two miles of New York. The stock of saleable 

 trees consists of 13,726 Forest Trees, 10,616 

 Grape vines,10,000 Pear tiees,3,000 Cherry trees, 

 6,200 Apple trees, 1,621 Quince trees, 600 Plum 

 trees, 361 Apricot trees, 2,400 Peach trees, 2,100 

 Mulberry trees, and 6,300 Shrubsj, exclusive of the 

 trees in the alleys and borders. Rose hushes and 

 seedlings. We are not informed as to the terms 

 on which the establiahmeiit is to be sidd. Ws 

 regret that any circumstance should render it n»t 

 cessary for Madam Parmentier to dispose of the 

 estaldisliment. The recent death, however, of her 

 son, on whom she so mncb relied to lake charga 

 of it, seems to have influenced her determination. 

 The late Mr Parmentier expended an immense 

 amount of money on the place, besides several 

 years of hard and incessant toil, and we know it 

 to have been his most anxious desire that his 

 family should keep jiossession of it. But he did 

 not foresee the melancholy change that was 80 

 soon to take jilace. If any female is qualified to 

 carry on such an establishment, then is Mrs Par- 

 mentier — assisted as she is by one of the most in- 

 telligent and active young ladies {her daughter,) 

 we ever met with. But all who have such con- 

 cerns, even of small extent, know the hopelessness 

 of being able to get assistants who will take that 

 peculiar care so indispensable to success. Mrs 

 Parmentier and her daughter are well qualified to 

 manage the whole concern so far as females can 

 be ; but then there are thousands of instances re- 

 quiring the eye of the proprietor which females 



