Vol. X.-Nn. 55 



AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



ID? 



zens have conferred upon asiicuhure \>y tlicir 

 science and personal devotion to its interest, have 

 given an inipelus to nidiistry in its multiplied oli- 

 jeets and pursuits. All have become «inl)itious of 

 the denoniinalioii of tvorkers. The charge of 

 aristocracy fabricated by the laboring office seeker, 

 aii<l the busy demagogue, against this class of 

 men, will gain no credence from the intelligent 

 farmer. He witnesses the refutation of the cal- 

 mtiny in the fact, that our two first magistrates 

 are at the head of our two first societies of prac- 

 tical workingirien ; and tliai oilier distinguished 

 characters are ardently engaged in cultivating 

 their farms ; and are more ambitious of iinproving 

 their breed of cattle than of accumulating wealth, 

 or any arbitrary distinction for their children. — 

 Surely the elements of aristocracy cannot danger- 

 ously predominate in the composition of that man, 

 whose mind can be engrossed, and his eloquence 

 displayed, in pourtraying the superior merits of his 

 short horned calves, or his Bedfird pigs .' 



In noticing the means and facilities which have 

 accelerated the art of husbandry, it would be in- 

 justice to omit another most general and obvious 

 agency in the artisans, by whose ingenuity and 

 skill, the farmer is supplied with his improved 

 implements of husbandry. By their contrivance 

 and workmanship the curse of cultivating the 

 earth by the sweat of the brow, is converted into 

 the blessing of but a healthjul perspiration. 



[Con'^luded next meek.] 



ON PEDLAI5S AND TH E IVRIFF. 



The Tariff has been found fault with for put- 

 ting a duty of fifteen per cent on tin plates or 

 sheets. — This duty v/us imposed at a revision of 

 the tariff in which Mr Calhoun, and other south- 

 ern gentlemen took the lead. 



Whatever the motives may have been, it ought 

 in our opinion to be put ou the footing of tin in 

 pigs and bars free of duty. But the tin business 

 has fought its way and done well, say the free 

 trade folks, without much aid from governin 'mi, 

 let all the other branches do the same. A child 

 left to itself, abandoned by its parents, may live, and 

 become a hardy man, perhaps the stronger from 

 iieelect but where one survives a hundred would die 

 in the experiment. Our manufacturers of tin ware, 

 by pushing the pedling system with untiring dili- 

 gence, — carrying their wares into the interim- and 

 new settlements where foreign articles could not 

 compete with them, have lived through the trial, 

 and became well established. The comb makers 

 have done the same. What, then, are we to be 

 tpld that all other branches should go into the 

 pedling business too ? If it will hold good with 

 one, it will with others, that is the argument. 

 The shipping interest has thrived under protection, 

 and we hope always may ; but supjiose the me- 

 chanics and manufacturers should turn round 

 upon the merchants, and say, no protection is 

 necessary in your business, the tinmen have thriv- 

 ed without it, recall the navy that now at your 

 exoense floats a squadron in every sea to protect 

 your ships — give up the monopoly of the coast- 

 ing trade that you have enjoyed for forty years — 

 pay back the bounties given from the imblic 

 treasury to your fishing vessels every year — re- 

 move the proliibitory duties put, at your own 

 reques.r, upon foreign caught fish, — let foreigners 

 have nearly one half the freighting business which 

 they did have before the protecting hand of the gov- 

 ernment was extended towards you. These are 



times for ' free trade,' if it works hard, all you 

 have to do is buckle a knapsack to your back, or 

 mount a pedlar's cart, and pioneer your way with 

 your goods to the new settlements, the foreigners 

 will not follow you there, and you can make profit- 

 able trips ; the tinmen have stood it, and so can 

 you. Would not any merchant in the country 

 feel himself insulted if such language were ad- 

 dressed to one of that respectable profession, and 

 yet this in substance is said to others who have 

 the same right to protection in their business, as 

 the ship owners have in theirs. 



Then again, the tariff puts a duty of a cent on 

 foreign tallow, which makes candles come dear 

 to a poor man with his last penny. Well, how 

 was it in your free trade times ? Foreign tallow 

 ill those days instead of paying one cent, (laid ten 

 cents duty ; wliere was your sympathy for the 

 poor man and his penny then? 



But the cabinet maker, the hatter, the shoe- 

 maker, the carriage maker, are all oppressed, says 

 Mr Woodward, though they are [irotected in their 

 business, by duties of thirty per cent, on foreign 

 articles like those they make, and receive such 

 raw materials as mahogany, dye stuffs, furs, hides 

 and skins, free of duty ! It was but a short time 

 ago that Rlr Condy Raguet, the great leader of the 

 foreign system, complained of all these people as 

 monopolists and extortioners. He said among 

 other things that vve paid an odious bounty uf 

 tliree dollars to the cabinet makers, on a coffin or 

 cradle costing ten dollars, because imported cabi- 

 net ware is taxed with thirty per cent duty. — He 

 would proliably have us send to Europe for our 

 cradles and coffins. The New York Evening Post, 

 another foreign system advocate, selected hats, 

 and boots and shoes, the last week, as among the 

 most odious articles protected by the tariff, and' 

 represented the hatters and shoemakers, as taking 

 thirty per cent more for their articles than they 

 deserve to have, because of the duties on foreign 

 hais, boots and shoes. Mr Woodward does not 

 go that length, — he thinks, or says he tliinks, those 

 are oppressed, whom his leader, Mr Raguet, and 

 his sub-leader of the Evening Post, rejiresents as 

 thriving under government bounty. Who shall 

 decide when doctors difl^er? The article that ap- 

 pears to be most obnoxious to Mr Woodward, as 



well as his fellow laborer, Mr Peck, is leather 



They both select thatas a specimen of oppressive 

 duties. It is abominable, they say, that English 

 leather should pay a protecting duty to favor our 

 tanners and curriers. Suppose Mr Woodward and 

 Mr Peck should be gratified in letting Eng- 

 lish leather come in freely, to put down our tan- 

 neries. Mr Raguet will come along next, and 

 insist upon English hats, boots and shoes, saddles, 

 harnesses, book-binders' work, cabinet work and 

 carriages, coming in free to break up the es- 

 tablishment of the men whom he represents as 

 monopolists and extortioners. Mr Soniebodyelse 

 will then come, and insist that all the rest should 

 be served alike, and he too being gratified, we 

 should find ourselves in that glorious state of ' fiee 

 trade,' which Mr Roberston, a distinguished 

 member of Parliament, lately said, they meant io 

 put us in, when the British, ' by means of the 

 great advantages they enjoyed, should get a 

 MONOPOLY of all our markets for their manufac- 

 tures.' — Columbian Register. 



Turtle Catchers on the Coast of Darien. — At 

 San Bias, on the coast of Darien, a small settle- 

 ment of Indians is established for the sole purpose 



of taking turtle. The settlement is situated among 

 a group of bays, and has a small but very secure 

 harbor, in which coasters may safely ride. Ft is 

 imder the management of three English, tvvo 

 American, and three Colombian traders, who 

 make a vast profit from the shells. Tire quantity 

 of tortoise-shell taken by them amount on an aver- 

 age to 15,000 lbs. per year, the value of which is 

 about 28,000i. The produce of their employ, 

 ment varies very much according to the nature of 

 the season, as in some years they take as much 

 as 32, 000^ worth of shell ; an enormous produce 

 for one out of the many like esiablishinents on 

 this coast. It is a curious fact that the handsom- 

 est shell, and consequently the most valuable, is 

 stripped from the animal while living, the beauty of 

 the shell always becoming less as the animal dies. 

 The dreadful torture which the creature endures 

 by the operation, finds no consideration in the, 

 minds of the traders. — Foreign Publication. 



Canine Rivalship and Revenge. — A short time 

 ago, a fine dog of great value, was added to the 

 stock kept by Sir W. M. Napier of Milliken. On 

 arrival, he found that a setter dog was a very great 

 favorite. Unable to supplant him in his master's favor 

 he began to manifest towards his favored rival the 

 most decided enmity, and the greatest care had to 

 be taken, by keeping him in a chain, to prevent hos- 

 tilities. The English dog was lent to a gentleman 

 a few days ago, for a day's shooting, and, after the 

 the sport was over, he was locked into a stable at 

 Johnstone Castle. Finding himself at liberty, and 

 what was better, without a chain, he thought of his 

 rival, and resolved on war. He soon succeeded by 

 gnawing the standards of the stable window, in 

 making his escape, when he set oft' full speed, on 

 hostile strife intent, for Milliken policies, found out 

 and attacked his rival, and before the morning dawn- 

 ed, left him lifeless on the field of battle. Dearly, 

 however, did the favorite sell his life, for so dread- 

 fully mangled was the assailant, that his master, 

 moved by pity at his dreadful agony, consented that 

 a period should be put to his sufferings. — Glasgow 

 Courier. 



Zinr. — Zinc is mostly found in the state of a 

 su]|)huret, and accompanies lead in most mines. 

 It is found in the Southampton lead mines in 

 granite and gneiss. Ii is found in crystals of a 

 waxy hue and almost transparent, in the goedife- 

 rous lime rock (or swine stone) everywhere from 

 Genesee river to 20 or 30 miles west of Niagara 

 Falls. It is one of the most abundant metals in 

 nature except iron ; and in Wales its ore was 

 employed till lately in mending the roads. It is 

 used in China for the current coin, and for that 

 piirjiose is emjdoyed in the ntnost purity. It is 

 a very combustible metal, and when broken ap- 

 pears of a sliiiiing bluish white. It becomes fus- 

 ible in a temperature of 70 deg. F. above zero, and 

 is 7 times heavier than water. — JVatiiralist. 



^i new kind nf Paper h:\a h.een lately manufac- 

 tured ill France, which is stated to be superior to 

 any other for certain purposes. It is made from 

 the root of the Altiiea officinalis, and is spoken of 

 ,is ' by lar the best kind of tracing paper, iiermit- 

 ting liie use of ink on the black lead pencil, 

 besides being of a purer color than any other. ' 



Silk. — We notice that the inhabitants of the 

 town of Poughkeepsie intend applying to the 

 Legislature of New York for the incorporation of 

 a company, with a capital of thirty thousand dol- 

 lars, to be employed in the cultivation of Silk. 



