314 



ducts would lie as follows, in bushels and qiif-ris; 



Mr Clark's, 56 busliels, 13 quarts; 



Mr Stinison's, 108 " 24 " 



My own, 120 " 31 



Messrs Fratts' 170 " 

 The close planting, whether in hills or drills, 

 requires high nianimng, and the two and three 

 row ed drills, extra labor ; and the ears may withal 

 be somewhat smaller. Yet I nevurtheless believe 

 that seventy or eighty bushels may be obtained 

 on an acre, with good manuring'S on a genial soil, 

 in our mode of ])lanting, with about as little labor 

 as twenty, thilty, or forty bushels, are obtainet' in 

 the New England or Pennsylvania open method. 

 I have detailed the preceding facts and calcula- 

 tions, not with a view to vaunt of our skill or the 

 fertility of our soil, but to show hoio the large 

 crops of corn have been raised in this State, which 

 have been noticed in the papers. 



There is one fact connected with the experi- 

 ment of the Messrs Pratts, worthy of considera- 

 tion : there was not a plant missing, or deficient, 

 in their field. They quadrupled the seed ; and 

 pulled up, as the characters of the plants were de- 

 veloped, all but the requisite number, reserving 

 only the strongest and most promising. It is com- 

 mon to see corn-fields very deficient in jilants and 

 even in entire hills. This deficiency often 

 amounts to one fourth or one half The loss inci- 

 dent to this defect may be readily estimated, and 

 greatly counterbalances the expense of extra seed, 

 and the labor of thinning the plants. J. B. 



.many, .V. I'., .']p>il 9, 1832. 



I would suggest to your correspondents, who 

 notice the effects of the winter upon fruit trees and 

 plants, that they note, particularly, the soil upon 

 wliich the damage has been most ap])arent ; with 

 the view of developing the direct cause of the evil. 

 So far as iny observations enable nie to judge, the 

 injury has been the most severe on porous or 

 sandy soils, while upon clays it has been trifling 

 or harilly perceptible. 



HEDGE ROSES. 



T. G. Fessenden, Esq. — It has become gener- 

 ally known, that the rosa Ifi'ingaia or Cherokee 

 rose of Georgia, is admirably calculated to form a 

 hedge of the most interesting description, and 

 hence many persons in the eastern and northern 

 sections of our coimtry, incur the expense and 

 trouble of obtaining this soecies for that object, 

 with the supposition that it will succeed equally 

 well with them. I deem it therefore an act of 

 duty to dispel the illusion, as the plant is not suffi- 

 ciently hardy to answer that object even in this 

 locality, and it merely attains here to a moderate 

 size. 



The best of all roses for the pmpr.sc of forming 

 a hedge in a northern cliuiate, is (as far as n)y ex- 

 perience goes) the rosa rnbifolia or bramble leaf 

 rose. It forms shoots of fiom ten to twenty feet 

 or move, with great rapidity, and is in July crown- 

 ed with exceedingly large clusters of flowers, 

 which present various shades in the same manner 

 as the Greville rose of China. This species is so 

 very hardy and rustic that it exacts no care in its 

 culture, and will withstand the cold of the most 

 northern parts of our countrv. 

 Your.s, respectfully, 



WM. ROBERT PRINCE. 



Lin. Bot. Garden, ) 



Fluahioj, N. Y. April, 183-2. i 



N K W ENGLAND^ I' ARM El^ 



HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



l-oncludeil I'rom page 300. 



1831. May 22d. This finest morning of the 



season ; grape shoots, the longest about a foot. 



For eight or ten days I have seen on my grape 



vines, generally on the leaves, a small black insect 



commonly about the size of the head of a very large 



pin, some much larger than this; it eats the leaf' 



which is ])erforated with small holes ; when toucli- 



ed, it generally liops from the leaf as a flea hops ; 



its body a shining black ; this insect not observed 



before. For several days the air in the garden 



has been swarming with a black fly, about one 



third of an inch in length, a good deal thinner than 



a horse fly ; they now fill the air, and may be seen 



on every plant and tree in the garden. 



25th. Cut down within six, eight, and twelve 



feet of the ground, several peach trees, so badly 



injured by the winter that I haveiittle hopes of 



them. [Several of these trees recovered entirely.] 



Many raspberries of three years' growth are greatly 



injured by the winter, some quite killed. These 



plants never looked so badly as this year. 



29th. Thennoineter, at 10 o'clock, A. M. at 70. 



With the exception of one week, this said to be 



the wettest season remembered here. The small 



black insect no longer to be seen on grapes, and 



very few of the black fly before mentioned. To- 

 day, first a])pearance of the little yellow bug or fly, 



th.it attacks the melon, cucumber, &c ; some young 



|)lants, not covered with millinet boxes, full of 



them ; [llie.se boxes I have found almost indispens- 

 able in a garden.] Upon looking over my plum 



trees, one half of the fruit seems to be slung; the 



appearance is generally that of a small piece taken 



out of the fruit in the form of a crescent — I attrib- 

 ute this to the beetle. Thermometer this after- 

 noon at 80. 



Having li'ft home on the 30tb of Slay, returned 



the 18th of June; the following memoranda made 



in my absence. 



June (ith. Cucumbers in blossom ; Baltimore 



grape ditto. 



12th. lAIusk-melons in blossom. Strawberries I I'lge, the sun ha\ ing little chance to penetrate ; all 



first picked, (Ilautbois.) i these bunches 1 have brushed with a fine painter's 



13th. Beans in blossom. brush, so that they became bright ; this was done 



14th. First peas picked. in half an hour. — Overlooked peach trees, found 



During my absence the weather was uncom- "o worms. [The peach worm is a white worm, 



nionly hot and dry ; for a fortnight there was no "hout an inch long, with a yellowish or brownish 



rain ; having water in my garden, vegelables did i head, as all gardeners know. I have tried the va- 



not sufli^r. Upon my return home, find musk- } •"'ous prescriptions recommended, but have ceased 



melons and cucumbers in very fine order, plants i "• rely upon them, and have substituted in their 



large and forward; charcoal dust has been strew- plaf'e a lre(pient examination of the trees, which I 



beheve, in a long run, to be liir the most economical 

 mode. My trees are priiK-ipally in ploughed 

 grouud ; if in grass land, the turf is removed for 

 three or four feet from the body of the tj-eo in all 

 directions, and this ground is kept in garden cul- 

 tivation — it is dug or forked four or five times in 

 the season. Imincdialely rounil the body of the 

 tree the ground is in so fine a state, tliat the dirt 

 can be removed from the body of tlie tree down 

 to the forks of the roots, with great ease. I scrape 

 the body of the tree from the roots to the surface 

 with a single prong hoe, to dislodge any insects 

 that may be just forming. This is done four or 

 five times in the season ; the labor is nothing com- 

 pared with the object ; this I can truly affirm. I 

 have many young trees that have never been 

 touched by the worm. I have tried chamber ley 

 for several years, after it has stood in a vessel for 

 some days. This is an excellent manure for the 

 trees and a considerable protection against tha 



April 18, 1832. 



of the Seckle grafts, of which I have several very 

 fine in bearing ;] it seems to be a universal blight 

 over every part of the graft. A young pear, for- 

 eign, (Najjoleon) blighted, the whole to|) affected 

 and cut oft^ [since dead.] A young French 

 cherry which has borne fruit two years and had a 

 very vigorous growtli, is dving with blight, [since 

 dead.] 



30ih. Strawberries in beds as abundant as they 

 have been at any time during the season. Cu- 

 cumbers about tlie length of tlie finger. Miisk- 

 liielous not formed. 



July 4[|i. Picked cucumbers over large for the 

 table. Bush summer-squash in blossom. Last 

 week, for the first time, saw the rose-bug in my 

 sanlen, and yesterday on two grape vines. Nev- 

 er saw the rose-bug till I saw it in Pbiladnlphia 

 during my late absence. 



4th. Syringed some old vines this morning for 

 first time. Currants fully ripe. 



I'ilh. Picked the last strawberries for the table. 

 [The reader will See that my strawberries have 

 been in bearing a month. This is one of the ex- 

 ail'cnt qualities of this strawberry, (Hautbois) — I 

 culiivate no other ; it is also, in my garden, a most 

 abi.ndant bearer ; some people do not like the 

 Inu^k taste of it. This strawberry has a softness, 

 a n.ellowuess, adajned to delicate stomachs, which 

 ( hake seen in no other ; my experience, however, 

 is viry limited. To my taste, tlie common straw- 

 berri of the New York and Philadelphia markets, 

 bear.- no comiiarison in excellence with it. But it 

 Would not, I think, answer for a market strawber- 

 ry, fur when dead ripe it is so soft and tender, that 

 it will often cleave asunder when raised by the 

 spoor in the dish.] 



litli. Forked the ground around some grape 

 yiiijs, young and old ; dug in rich compost about 

 several bearing vines ; these vines look flourishing, 

 foliage very perfect, no insects visible. Rose-bug 

 not seen again. Upon many bunches of grapes 

 there appears an incipient mildew, this so only in 

 cases where bunches are much obscured by fo- 



ed about nearly all of them, to which I attribute a 

 good deal of influence. Strawberries in tolerable 

 condition, only, fruit not near as large as last 

 summer ; this attributed to the drought, though 

 they have been plenliftilly watered. [My cro]i, 

 alter all, was very fine.] TJiose in beds, most 

 abundant ; fruit riper than tliat in hills. [I will 

 hereafter state my mode of raising the strawberry.] 

 Sweet-water grapes generally in blossom, but iiot 

 wholly; bunches small; many young peach trees 

 that were injured by the winter, greatly recovered ; 

 [these trees are now nearly all in admirable order.] 

 Not a single fruit of the peach to be seen ; nor 

 one plum. Pears in abumlance on old trees ; on 

 young trees have disappeared, generally. Apples 

 universally stung, supposed, by the beetle-, [my 

 apples this year, from this cause, wretched, hardly 

 a sound one or one of decent appearance.] Sev- 

 eral fine grafts of foreign pears, on very young 

 healthy trees, have perished ; [this in no case true 



