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PUnLISHED UY J. B. RUSSELlTnO. 52, NORTH MARKKT STREET, (at the A<.kicc.lh'k,vi. VVakkhouse.) — T. G. FESSENDEN, EDITOR. 



VOf.. X. 



BOSTON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, APRIL, 25, 1832. 



NO. 41. 



o r t i c 11 1 t 



a* e 



I " 11. Gloux Morccav, very large, of great ex- 

 — ! celli'nce, a Bolgic variety. I see your grafts failed. 



NEW FRUITS. I "No. A. 9.3. Now, rather large, and very good 



BIr. Fesseneen — Having received a box of i at //iw time, Feh. 13. As yet, not named, 

 grafts with the inclosed letter from Mr Knight, by " No. 44. Cola, pnlu yellow aiipronehing wliile, 

 the ship Lion, I shall plaee the greater part of j quite new and ?!0!0 ripe ; not yet named, 

 them at the ilisposal of the Massachusetts Agricul- I "T!io Monarch, al)ove mentioned, grows so fast 

 tnral Society, under whose dirccti<ins and sanction liuid bears so well, that I am i)lanting it for perry, 

 my correspondence with Mr Knight commenced, convinced it will make a very fine liquor, 



many years snice. I publish the letter as afford- 

 ing a nsefnl original and authentic account of their 

 varieties, by the raiser of them. It will be valua- 

 ble fiftv years hence. Yours, 



^pril 16. J. LOWEL'L. 



■ . [Extract.] 



" LloWRTOS, Fell. 13, 1832. 



" My de.ar Sir — I have great ])leasiire in send- 

 ing grafts to you, because I have long known that 

 yon have been making the best use of them, and 

 because 1 view you in the light of an old friend, 

 who, I am sure, ardently wislies me well. I sliall 

 address the bo.\ to you, tliough as you will place 

 the contents to a great extent, i)robably, in the 

 hands of the Massachusetts Agricultural Society, 

 I hope I shall not cause you expense, of which 

 you liave already borne so nuich, for the good of 

 others. — [yVote. Mr Knight misunderstood n)v 

 meaning in asking him to send the grafts, not to 

 me, but to the Massachusetts Agricultural Society. 

 It was not to avoid expense, but responsibility — 

 for I had found, to my extreme mortification, that 

 I bad been held answerable for all my own pud 

 the blunders of everybody else. J. LowELtl.] 



" I wrote you last spring, that I bad had the 

 good fortune to obtain from seeds, several very 

 excellent varieties of pears. 1 have now seen 

 these varieties a second time, some a third time, 

 and I feel confident, that for the climate of Eng- 

 land they are imrivalled. The ' Monarch ' and 

 the ' Althorpe Crassanne,' will not be excelled by 

 any other varieties in your climate ; both grow 

 rapidly and bear abundantly. 



"list and concise description. 



" Monan-h, (not numbered.) This, in my esti- 

 mation and that of a great many others, is without 

 a rival, though its high musky flavor oflends some 

 persons. Season, December and January here. 



1. 



" APPLE TREE GRAFTS. 



Dotonton JVonpareil. — 2. Cornish Gilli- 

 Jiower. — Ickworlh Imperafrice, plum, keejis in per- 

 fection through the winter. Sincerely, vom-s, 

 "THO. A. KNIGHT. 

 " Hon. John Lowell, Roxbuiy. 

 " P. S. I have addx-'d two other varieties of 

 early pears, Dunmore, No. 13, and the Croft Cas- 

 tle, 14. See Ilort. Trans, of present year." 



DESTRUCTION OF FRUIT TREES IN 

 BIAINE. 



Thomas G. Fessende.v, Esq. — Since your no- 

 ticing the remarks of Mr Lowell, and others in 

 different sections of Massachusetts, I commenced 

 an examination of my fruit trees. I had one or- 

 chard containing about one hundred thrifty trees, 

 wliich had been set about four years; also another 

 orchard containing about one hundred more, set 

 last year. Besides these, I had about one hun- 

 dred of various kinds of apples, pears, and peaches ; 

 also about one hundred trees set out in trenches, 

 io preserve them for sale, which were sent me last 

 year from different persons, co\isisling of cherry, 

 pear and apple trees. The first of these bore 

 some fruit last year, and all were healthy and 

 thrifty in November. About the first of Novem- 

 Jer, I discovered some trees lousy, and I applied 

 1 portion of strong soft soap and the next day it 

 fained profusely, and I found the soap had efl^ect- 

 ed the object and destroyed every insect on the 

 Uees, and the bark became clean and smooth. 



Before anything was said on the eft'ects'of the 

 winter upon trees, I went into my best and largest 

 orchard, and on examining some of the buds, by 

 jutting open, T found them all dead in the centre. 

 I could not find one which appeared to be free 

 from the disease. This led to further examina- 



"3. Althorpe Crassanne, very excellent, rose '';"."' '""'"'""■"^ ^''f'^'l "-e^^ apparently injm-ed. 

 flavored; November. l '"""''^lately recollected the soap and fully be- 



„, . „ , . ,,.T heved that mv soaping had destroved mv trees. 



-i Belmont, very e.xcellent here m Novetn- ^he next number of the New England Farmer 

 ber. See Horticultural Transactions of this year,, j^^^,„,,j jj^ Lowell's account. This led to a 

 for an account of the above varieties. f^.„l,^^ examination ; and to view my orchard it 



mnter Crassanne, very large and excel- looked in perfeA health, but on examination 1 

 lent pear ; season January. Boston Castle, season found my best orchard entirely destroyed, except 

 December. See Horticultural Transactions. two trees of early fruit, which stood on the high- 



" 6. Pitford Pear, [If I read Mr Knight's diffi- est ground. These suffered some, the last 



cult hand correctly,] a rich, melting pear ; season 

 November. 



"7. Ickworth, melting, rich, rose flavored 

 March and Ai)ril. 



Broome Park, a rather small but excellcn 

 variety, of whicli an account will appear in nex 

 No. of Horticultural Transactions. 



" 9. Brougham Hall, an excellent variety her. 



" 10. Pengethly Pear, a large dark brown pt-j, 

 quite new and now ripe, i. e. February, 1832. 



year's growth having been injured, but I think 

 may survive. But all the others, consisting of 

 Baldwins, ru.ssetts, pippins of various kinds, with 

 various other choice fruits, are all destroyed. The 

 sliver, on cutting through the bark, was a dark 

 brown color. I pursued the business of examin- 

 ing, and foimd the damage almost universal. Out 

 of about 2.50 to 300 trees of my own, not more 

 than 20, if there is that number, can possibly sm-vive 

 the winter. With some particulars I shall now 

 close. 



In one caSc,* tree about four inches in diameter, 

 burst the barlifciear the ground in a perpendieidar 

 direction at the length often to twelve inches, and 

 was entirely severed fiom the tree all around 

 the body. Several which were grafted a foot 

 from the ground, about the same size as the above, 

 appear to be dead down to the original slock. A 

 row of seedling trees sat out last year in readi- 

 ness to graft, appear to be in perfect health. A 

 number of greening trees received last spring from 

 Rhode Island and set out, appear to be but little 

 affected. About twenty seedling peaches, which 

 grew with great luxuriance last year, appear in 

 good heakh ; also four rareripe trees I received of 

 W. Kenrick ; but all these, except the greenings, 

 were shielded from the north winds. 



I received a letter from Bowdoin college, stating 

 the effects in Brunswick, and in that town it is a 

 general destruction ; and I ftel that it will dis- 

 courage many from attempting the trial of rearing 

 fruit trees. I fully concur with your correspon- 

 dents in the cause, and hope no one will be hin- 

 dered from the object, altliough they are in this 

 vicinity much retarded in obtaining fruit. And I 

 would suggest to you. Sir, the idea of those who 

 are in a habit of sending trees at a distance, that 

 after so severe a shock I should hardly think it 

 prudent to transjilant trees the present spring, as 

 no one would be willing to purchase them if they 

 are diseased, being sure of a failure. And 1 

 should likewise hoiie, that no nurseryman would 

 put up any order unless he should be sm-e the trees 

 are uninjuit-d* as it would be a great means of 

 still retarding the progress of horticulture. Much 

 interest is felt on the subject, and Maine will ne- 

 cessarily have to condole with her mother State, as 

 well as others, in sufl(;ring this evil. I would add 

 one remark, that the apple trees which stood the 

 most exposed ajipear at present to be the least af- 

 fected. Now, Sir, I should like, through the me- 

 dium of your useful paper, to have you request 

 some of your friends to inform us what is the best 

 course to pursue in order to save the roots, that 

 they may sprout and grow. I am informed that 

 one gentleman has already cut off the tops of an 

 orchard and grafted them. Information on the 

 sidiject is nmcli needed and will be gratefully re- 

 ceived. I remain. Sir, yours, respeclfiilly. 

 Bath, Me. April 4, 1832. A. TYLER. 



P. S. — Every day seems to develope more and 

 more of the destruction of fruit trees in this vicin- 

 ity. Since I wrote the above, I have heard of 

 several instances and I fear Maine has suffered 

 more than any other section of the country, in 

 comparison with the quantity of fruit trees. 



DESTRUCTION OF FRUIT TREES IN 

 NEW YORK. 



Mr Fessenden — When I read in your pappr of 

 IMarch 14th, Mr Lowell's account of the destruc- 

 tive effects of the past winter upon his fruit trees, 

 I hastened into my garden and orchard, and, mel- 

 ancholy to relate, I find all my trees more or less 

 injured ; the young ones, in a particular manner, 

 I fear are mortally afliscted. Upon these all, or 

 nearly all, the wood of last year's growth is dead ; 

 grafted trees appear to have suffered the most ; nil 



