32 



THE GENESEE FARMER. 



Jan. 



CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER. 



The Farmer to its Patrons and Friends, 



Our Country— its Area and Resources, 



Lime, Ashes and Gypsum. 



Agricultural Meteorology, 



Ruggles & Co.'s Hay. Straw and Corn-stalk Cutter. 



A Fable, and its Application, 



Memoir of Zadock Pratt, 



Root and Bush Puller 



Agricultural Associations 



Wire Fence — mode of making, expense, &c. 



Seeding with Clover ; Lucerne, 



Peat Muck, Lime and Ashes 



Collins' and Stone's Cheese Press, 



Plan of a Cheap Cottage 



Definition of Geological Terms, 



New Sausage or Mincing Machine, 



The American Locust in Virginia 



Side-hill Plowing ; Rotary Mould Board Plow '...'..' 



Poultry Keeping ; Westphalian plan of Smokins Ham's. ';"/.". . 



Wire- Worm ; One horse Carts ; How to kill Chickens.. 



The Crops of 1848 ; Ag. Schools in France, 



Editor's Table— Notices to Correspondents, and various Notes 



for the Month 



N. Y. State Ag. Society ; Monroe Co. Ag.' Society.'.'.'.".'.'.'.'. '. 



HORTICULTURAL. DEPARTMENT. 



Pomological Reform ; A Word about Gardening 25 



Ornamental Flower Stands, " 25 



Le Cure Pear, ! .' 26 



Swan's Orange or Onondaga Pear on the Quince.. . . '. '. . .'.'" 26 



Profits of Fruit Growing— Northern Spy Apple '..'.. 26 



Transplanting Peach Trees '...'. .27 



Description of 25 new varieties of Phloxes ".'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. 27 



Practical Hints to Amateurs : Grape Culture in Missouri '." 28 



Culture of Half-Hardy Trees and Shrubs .'..'. 29 



American Almonds ; Liquid Manure for Grape Vines'. . . .' .' .' .' 29 



ladies' department. 



Botany— Organs and Structure of Flowers 30 



Sweetening Butter; To purify Honey; Cleaning Silk.!!.'.'.'.' 30 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 



Portrait of Hon. Z. Pratt, 



(steel plate,) 

 Perspective view of Cottage, 20 

 First floor of Cottage.. . ... 20 



Second '• •■ 20 



Straw Cutter, 12 



Root and Bush Puller. 16 



Cheese Press, 19 



New Sausage Cutter, 22 



Geological. 



1. Mass of Rock 21 



2. Cleavage Planes 21 



3. Horizontal Strata, 21 



4. Dip and Outcrop, 21 



5. Dyke, 21 



Horticultural. 

 Ornamental Flower Stands, 25 



Le Cure Pear 26 



Phlox Van Houttii 27 



Botanical. 

 1. Wheel-form Flower, ... 30 

 2 Bell-form Flower 30 



3. Oorrola, and Petals, 30 



4. The Calyx, 30 



5. Stamens, 30 



6. Ovary, 30 



Market Prices of Agricultural Products. 



N*cw Yorls, Dec. 26. 



Fix uR-Extra brands, $6.12a6,25 ; pure $5,6'2^a5.87 ; common 

 and good, $5,37>£a5.50. Meal, $2.87«2.94. Rye fleur, $3,06a 



GRAiN.-Genesee wheat, $1,25 ; good western held at $1.10. 

 t orn. old Southern at 56a59 ; new northern 60a61 ; old mixed 

 64. Oats, 33a36. 



Provisions.— Pork market steady, and old held at $10,75al3 ; 

 new sold to arrive in January at $11«14. Beef dull at $5 65o7 

 and$9,(5all. Lard quiet at 7 '.i^c. Fair business in Butter 

 and Cheese— the latter at 6>£a7c. 

 Rochester, Dec. 27 



Flour nominally $5. Wheat, $1,06. Corn, 50c. Rye 00c 

 Barley 50. Oats 26. 



Provisions.— Pork in hog $5 per hundred; mess, $13«14 per 

 barrel. Beef $3.50<i4 per hundred. Lard VAaic. Butter 12ol5c. 

 Cheese 5<z6cts. 



Bound Volumes of the Farmer. 



THE NINTH VOLUME OK THE FARMER, for 1848, just 

 completed, and for sale bound or in numbers, as preferred. It 

 contains a larger amount of matter pertaining to Agriculture and 

 Horticulture than any similar work of the same price ever pub- 

 lished— and is illustrated with over eighty engravings Price-, 

 ''■-'• cents bound in boards and leather — or 50 cents in marble 

 paper, with cloth backs. 



\ l-o — complete sets of the Farmer from its commencement 

 C«XCept the 2d volume.) substantially bound, whicli we will sell :i( 

 oO cents per volume. These volumes are not suitable tor sending 

 by mail -but we have copies of vols. 6. 7, and S. bound in paper 

 covers, which may be mailed 



fruit Scions.-— The subscriber can furnish Scions from the 

 •• Northern Spy ' and most other apple trees for 184!t. They can 

 be sent by Kxpress or Mail. Price $] per 100 



Rochester, Jan. 1, 1849. [l-3t| JAMES H. WATTS 



THE GENESEE FARMER, 



A MONTHLY JOURNAL OF 



AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE, 



ILLUSTRATED WITH ENGRAVINGS OF 

 Farm Buildings, Domestic Animals, Implements, Fruits, &c. 



The Tenth Volume of this Journal will commence on the 1st 

 of January, 1S49. In making this announcement to his Agents 

 and the Farmers and Fruit Cultubists of the country, and again 

 asking their support in behalf of the work, the Publisher has the 

 satisfaction of stating that the Genesee Farmer now has a circu- 

 lation exceeding, bv several THm sand, that of any similar period- 

 ical published in America. This fact, alone, furnishes abundant 

 evidence of the real value and superior merit of the work— for no 

 journal, however cheap, can become and continue so universally 

 popular, unless actually worth* of the substantial support, of an 

 intelligent community. 



The high reputation which the Farmer has acquired through- 

 out the United States will be maintained, and if possible aug- 

 mented, during the ensuing year. To accomplish this object, no 

 effort or expense will be spared by the Editors or the Puolisher. 

 Their aim is to furnish a reliahle and independent journal — one 

 which shall avoid and condemn humbug in whatever guise it may 

 appear, and impart correct practical and scientific information on 

 all subjects pertaining to Agriculture and Horticulture. 



It will be issued on NEW AND CLEAR TYPE, and superior 

 paper, and printed in the best style of the art— neat and correct 

 Its ILLUSTRATIONS — embracing Portraits of distinguished 

 friends of improvement (on steel and wood.) and Engravings of 

 Farm Buildings, Improved Implements. Domestic Animals, choice 

 Fruits, Trees. Flowers, &c.,— will be more numerous and expensive 

 than those of any preceding volume. {jrj» Each number will 

 contain at least 34 Royal Octavo Pages! making a large 

 and handsome volume of several hundred pages at the close of 

 the year. 



The Genesee Farmer is, beyond dispute, the cheapest .Agricul- 

 tural and Horticultural Paper in the Woild .' — and the Proprietor 

 is determined to make it the nfatest and best. We confidently 

 ask for it that support which it merits from the Farmers, Gard- 

 eners and Fruit Culturists of the United States. 



Terms — Invariably in Advance — as follows: 



Single Copy, 50 Cents. Five Copies for $2. and any greater 

 number at the same rate, if directed to individuals. If directed 

 to one person. Eight Copies for $3. and any additional number at 

 the same rate. The entire volume sent to all subscribers. 



CtJ= Post-Masters, Agents, and all friends of improvement, are 

 respectfully solicited to obtain and forward subscriptions. 



Subscription money, if properly enclosed, may be sent (post- 

 paid or free.) at the risk of the Publisher. Address to 



D. D. T. MOORE, Rochester. xNew York. 



To Agents, Post-Masters and Subscribers. 



Agents. Post-masters and other friends of the Farmer will bear 

 in mind that we offer Premiums amounting to OVER TWO 

 HUNDRED DOLLARS (in Agricultural Books, Implements, &c. 

 at cash prices.) for subscribers obtained before the 20th of April 

 next. We have not room to publish the list of Premiums in this 

 number, but will send it. together with show bill, specimens. &c, 

 to all who wish to compete. 



We hope that all of our present patrons will renew their sub- 

 scriptions, and get as many new subscribers as convenient. If 

 each of our readers will take the matter in hand— and we earnest- 

 ly invite all so disposed to obtain and forward subscriptions- 

 much may be accomplished in every section of the country. 

 Friends, will you show the Farmer to your neighbors and 

 acquaintances, and invite them to subscribe? 



THE GENESEE FARMER, 



Published on tlie first of each month, at Rochester, N. )".. 

 D. D. T. MOORE, PROPRIETOR. 



by 



DANIEL LEE k. D. D. T. MOORE, Editors. 



P. BARRY, Conductor of Horticultural Department 



Fifty Cents a Year, in Advance. 



Five Copies for $2, and any larger number at the same 

 rate, if directed to each subscriber. Bight Copies for $;}. 

 if addressed to om- person only — and any larger number! 

 directed in like manner, at ih<> same rate. 



0= All subscriptions to commence with the year, and 

 the entire volume supplied to all .subscribers. 



Advertisements.— A limited number of :diort and appro- 

 priate advertisements will bo given in the Farmer, at the rate 

 of $1,50 per square or folio (ten lines or 100 words) for the 

 first insertion, and $1 for each subsequent publication — in 

 advance. No deviation from these terms. 



