204 



THE GENESEE FARMER. 



Sept. 



Gentleman from a distance, Guests, Officers and 

 Delegates from State or County Societies, are re- 

 quested to enter their names at the Rooms of the 

 Society at Rust's Hotel. The Executive Committee 

 will be happy to meet gentlemen at their rooms 

 during the show. A meeting of the Executive 

 Committee will be held each evening; and the Presi- 

 dent and other Officers will take great pleasure in 

 extending every attention in their power to gentlemen 

 in attendance. 



Sales of Improved Stock will take place on 

 Thursday, Choice animals from the celebrated 

 Shorl-hom herd of Col. J. M. Sherwood, and Devons 

 from H. N. Washburn and others, will be offered 

 for sale; and also selected sheep from several choice 

 flocks. J. B. Burnet, Esq., of Syracuse, wlil offer 

 for sale several blood mares, fillies and colts — the 

 mares in foal by the celebrated imported horse Con- 

 sternation, and most of the colts sired by him. W. 

 Thompson, Esq., of Onondaga Co., will offer for sale 

 the well known entire horse Mambrino, sired by 

 Thome's Eclipse, a horse of remarkable speed and 

 power. Geo. Vail, Esq., of Troy, intends to have 

 at the Show a two year's old bull, out of his premium 

 imported cow Hilpa, sired by his premium bull 

 Meteor, which he will offer at private sale for $300. 

 The A'orth American Pomologieal Convention 

 will open its session on Friday morning, Sept. 14th, 

 at Rust's Hotel. Preliminary meetings will be held 

 the day and evening previous. Articles designed 

 for exhition, directed to P. N. Rust, will receive 

 attention. Delegates and others are requested to 

 enter their names at Rust's Hotel, Syracuse House, 

 or Globe Hotel, on their arrival, where notices will 

 be found of the time and place of meeting, and ar- 

 rangements for the Convention. 



Prices of Entertainment. — The keepers of the 

 public houses and boarding houses at Syracuse, have 

 agreed to charge only a specified price for each day's 

 board during the week of the Fair — the different 

 houses ranging in price from 75 cents to $2. This 

 agreement gives assurance that accommodations will 

 be furnished to strangers at satisfactory prices. 



Crops in the Southern States. — Corn is gene- 

 rally good, and promisesmore than an average yield. 

 The wet weather in all the month of July has injured 

 it more or less on bottom or low lands, where corn is 

 usually planted. In Georgia, particularly in the 

 Cherokee country, and in portions cf South Carolina, 

 Tennessee and Alabama, the wheat crop is nearly a 

 total failure. Cotton is very backward, and much 

 depends on the character of the season from this to 

 December, in determining the amount of this crop. 

 Since the severe frosts in April, it has doubled in its 

 market -value, and made fortunes for a few large 

 holders. A short crop is expected. Rice is doing well; 

 and sweet potatoes promise a fair harvest. Peaches, 

 grapes and figs are scarce, owing to untimely frosts. 



Irish potatoes have been worth in Augusta over 

 two dollars a bushel for the last four months; and new 

 apples are just reduced in price to a dollar a bushel. 

 New cheese is selling in the up country at from 

 twelve to fifteen cents a pound. 



There has not been a well authenticated case of 

 cholera in Georgia this year, up to the 1st of August; 

 nor can we learn of a case of fever of any kind in 

 the city of Augusta, in July. Within 30 days over 

 13 inches of rain water have fallen, and thoroughly 

 washed and purified the town. L. — Augusta, Ga. 



CONSTRUCTION OF THE DAIRY HOUSE. 



Among the numerous practical papers in the 

 Transactions of the New York State Ag. Society 

 for 1S48, one of the most valuable is the Report on 

 Dairies. From it we make the following extract on 

 the construction of the Dairy House; and regret that 

 we are compelled to defer until next month other 

 portions which contain important suggestions to all 

 engaged in butter making: — 



"On the proper construction of the dairy house 

 much depends. It should contain suitable apartments 

 for milk, for the butter in churning, and for the im- 

 plements. The structure should be such as to secure 

 uniform temperature, both in summer and winter; 

 and when all this is completed, unless the utmost 

 neatness is observed in every utensil and article in 

 use, as well as the floors and shelves of the dairy 

 house, it will be impossible to produce first rate 

 butter. 



The following description of a cow house and 

 dairy as used in Holland, is taken from the Farmer's 

 Library, Vol. 1, pp. 94-5: 



It is a building about sixty feet long, by thirty 

 wide, with a vernandah running three sides of it. 

 The dairy room is sunk below the level of the soil, 

 and is paved with bricks; the sides are covered with 

 Dutch tile, and the arched roof with hard cement. 

 The cow house has a broad passage in the middle, 

 and the cows stand with their heads towards this 

 passage, which is paved with bricks set on edge. 

 Their tails are towards the wall, along which runs a 

 broad gutter, sunk six or eight inches below the 

 level of the place on which the cows stand. This 

 gutter slopes towards a sink covered with an iron 

 grate, which communicates" by a broad arched drain, 

 with a vaulted tank, into which all the liquid flows. 

 The gutter is washed twice a day before the cows 

 are milked. The. cows stand or lie on a sloping 

 brick floor, and have but a small quantity of litter 

 allowed them, which is removed every day, and car- 

 ried to the dung heap or the pig sties, to be more 

 fully converted into manures. When the litter is 

 removed, the bricks are swept clean, and in the sum- 

 mer washed with water. The manner in which the 

 cows are fastened is worthy of notice: two slight 

 pillars of strong wood are placed perpendicular! v, 

 about two feet distant from each other, so that the 

 cow can readily pass her head between them; on 

 each of these is an iron ring, that runs freely up and 

 down, and has a hook in its circumference: two 

 small chains pass from these hooks to a leathern 

 strap which buckles round the neck of the cow. 

 Thus the cow can rise and lie down, and move for- 

 ward to take her food, which is placed in a low 

 manger between the pillars; but she cannot strike 

 her neighbor with her horns. The mangers or 

 troughs are of wood, or of bricks cemented together, 

 and are kept as clean as all the rest of the cow 

 house. 



The food is brought in carts, Trliich are driven 

 between the cows, whose mangers are thus con- 

 veniently supplied; what is not wanted is stored 

 above, and when wanted is readily thrown down to 

 the cows. By this plan much trouble is saved, and 

 one man can attend to many animals. From No- 

 vember till May the cows never leave the cow house. 

 In summer, when they are out, if they are in adja- 

 cent pastures, they are driven home to be milked; 

 but if the pastures are far off, they are milked there, 



