NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



•wide range of service to which the principle may be 

 adapted ; for, susceptible as it is of application for 

 the casting of iron pipe thin as sheet-iron, and 

 adapted for stove-pipe, on the other hand it may be 

 applied to the most colossal cylindrical work that art 

 and science may require, multiplying it to any extent, 

 immensely reducing the cost. Of the general pecu- 

 niary effect upon hollow cast-iron, there is ground to 

 anticipate, from the use of this principle, an ultimate 

 great depreciation of cost. — Farmer and Mechanic. 



Machine for dressing Stone. — We saw tested, 

 on Saturday last, a machine for dressing stone, 

 invented by our worthy townsman, Capt. Robert 

 Eastman ; tlie entire success of its operation adding 

 greatly to the already well-known reputation of its 

 author. The machine has a rotary motion, and, by 

 means of burrs or cutters, gives some millions of 

 blows in a minute. These cutters are so constructed 

 that they can be replenished at a cost of one and a 

 half or two cents each — being the simple expense of 

 renewing a stonecutter's chisel. We saw it dress a 

 piece of common grindstone, cutting in about one 

 inch in depth, and leaving a square edge and beau- 

 tiful surface, as smooth as if cut by a chisel. A very 

 important point is, that it will flute a column in 

 marble, or prepare mouldings in any desirable form, 

 ■with great beauty and expedition ; doing its work as 

 perfectly as is now done in the ordinary way. Jason 

 Smith, of Troy, N. Y., has taken the agency for the 

 United States, to whom all communications regard- 

 ing it may be addressed. — N. H. Patriot. 



ZiNcoGRAPiiic Printing and Engraving in Colors. 

 — We noticed, says the Philadelphia Ledger, a few 

 days ago, the transfer of copper and steel engraving 

 to zinc plates, by Mr. Bourquin. A German artist, 

 Mr. Louis Rosenthal, has taken a step far in advance 

 of this, and has presented for our inspection some 

 beautiful specimens of zincographic printing and 

 engraving in colors. The engravings are prepared 

 Upon zinc plates, by Rosenthal, from designs by 

 artists. The printing in black from zinc plates, has 

 been practised in Europe, but the mode of coloring is 

 an invention of Mr. Rosenthal. One of the speci- 

 mens is a hawthorn flower and fruit, from nature, 

 arranged for an ornamental border, which has re- 

 ceived ten different impressions, and is beautifully 

 painted. Another is an original design of grass and 

 flowers, arranged for cotton printing ; another is a 

 design in chalk of a frieze from an ancient painting 

 at Pompeii. This is an important improvement in 

 the arts. 



Artificial Mahogany. — The following method of 

 giving any species of wood, of close grain, the appear- 

 ance of mahogany in texture, density, and polish, is 

 said to be practised in France, with such success that 

 the best judges are incapable of distinguishing 

 between the imitation and mahogany. The surface 

 is first planed smooth, and the wood is then rubbed 

 with a solution of nitrous acid. One ounce of dragon's 

 blood is dissolved in nearly a pint of spirits of wme ; 

 this and one third of an ounce of carbonate of soda 

 ai-e then to be mixed together, and filtered, and the 

 liquid, in this thin state, is to be laid on with a soft 

 brush. This process is to be repeated, and in a short 

 interval afterward the wood possesses the external 

 appearance of mahogany. Wlien the polish dimin- 

 ishes in brilliancy, it may be restored by the use of a 

 little drawn linseed oil. 



From the Transactions of the Essex Agricultural Society. 

 DAIRY MANAGEMENT. 



[continued from page 23.] 



But one parcel of cheese was presented to the 

 committee. This was such as to leave no hesitation, 

 as to the propriety of awarding the premium offered. 

 If our recollection is right, a similar state of facts 

 occurred the last year. Why it is that the farmers of 

 Essex are so indifferent as to be unwilling to present 

 their claims for this branch of the products of the 

 dairy, we are unable to imagine. It cannot be that 

 they have discontinued the making of cheese, for this 

 will never happen while people have an inclination 

 to use it. That it is still used, every well-furnished 

 table bears testimony. That those farmers who live 

 in the immediate vicinity of a ready market for milk 

 or butter can turn it to better account than to make 

 it into cheese, we have no doubt; but when two 

 pounds of good cheese will readily command as much 

 money as one pound of well-preserved butter, we 

 think there are many farms on the sea-shore, and on 

 the banks of the Merrimack, where their milk will 

 be most advantageously used for the making of 

 cheese. We remember to have seen splendid collec- 

 tions of cheese made in West Newbury and Andover ; 

 and if such are now there, we can only regret that 

 they are not brought forward. Farmers should 

 remember that they owe something to the public, aa 

 well as to themselves ; and that they have not done 

 their whole duty when they have simply pocketed 

 the money offered as premiums. The design of these 

 exhibitions is to present a fair specimen of the prod- 

 ucts of the county ; and every one who has a spark 

 of patriotism in his breast, should be willing to lend 

 a helping hand. I wish those good xcomen who labor 

 and tug day after day in turning and rubbing their 

 cheeses, would occasionally jog the elbows of their 

 husbands, and urge them to go ahead in the way of 

 their duty. Every man who loves his wife as ha 

 ought to do, wiU be proud to exhibit the products 

 of her industry. K they will not, let the women 

 themselves do as others we could name have credit- 

 ably done — exhibit their own cheeses with their own 

 hands. What more interesting part of the exhibition 

 could there be, than to have the products of a dozen 

 dairies, under the superintendence of the ladies them- 

 selves, ready to explain how they were made ? 



On looking over the statements, we were struck 

 with the fact, that but two of the cows were of for- 

 eign breeds, (so called,) viz. : Mr. McNaughton's, of 

 Byfield, whose produce was the seventh in quantity. 

 These two were Durhams. There were no Ayrshires, 

 no Devons — unless our natives may claim affinity 

 thereto. Why it is that the farmers of Essex are so 

 slow in introducing these classes of animals, we are 

 unable to determine. Specimens of them have been 

 among us, on the farms of Parsons, Derby, Poore, 

 and others, for j-ears, and many efforts have been 

 made to make known their superiority ; but still the 

 real hard hands do not take hold of them. On whose 

 judgment, then, shall we rely, the gentlemen fanners, 

 or the operative farmers f The theory of one recom- 

 mends the Durhams and the Ayrshires for the dairy, 

 as being the greatest producers ; the practice of the 

 other adopts the natives. We leave this to be decided 

 by those of more experience than ourselves. We are 

 willing to prove all, and hold on upon the best. 



One general remark must close what we have to 

 offer on this subject ; and our commentaries upon the 

 statements particularly, must bo appended to each. 



The premiums are offered, not so much for the 

 srqycrior quality of the article jwcscnted, as for the 

 superior process by which it is made so, that others 

 may go and do Hkewise. 



