394 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



England after the exhibition is over. No goods can 

 be removed until the exhibition is finally closed. 



12. The rules of awarding prizes will conform to 

 tire section or department to wliich the goods belong. 



13. In the department of raw materials and prod- 

 uce, prizes will be awarded upon a consideration of 

 the value and importance of the article, and the su- 

 perior excellence of the particular specimens exhib- 

 ited ; and in the case of prejiared materials, the 

 novelty and importance of the prepared product, and 

 the superior skill and ingenuity in the preparation, 

 will be considered. 



14. In machinery, prizes will be given with, refer- 

 ence to novelty in the invention, superiority in the 

 execution, increased efficiency or increased economy 

 in the use of tlie article exhibited. Its importance 

 in a social view, and the difficulties in perfecting it, 

 ■will also be taken into account. 



1>5. In manufactures, increased usefulness, such as 

 permanency of colors, improved forms and patterns, 

 superior quality or higher skill in workmanship, new 

 materials used, and combinations of materials, beauty 

 of design in form and color, with reference to utility, 

 and cheapness relatively to excellence of production, 

 will be the basis of decision. 



16. In sculpture, models, and the plastic art, re- 

 wards will have reference to the beauty and original- 

 ity of the specimens, to improvements in the pro- 

 cesses of production, to tlie application of art to 

 manufactures, and, in the case of models, to the sub- 

 jects they represent. 



17. Juries, to consist partly of Englishmen and 

 partly of foreigners, will be composed of men of 

 known ability to form a judgment — above the sus- 

 picion of either national or individual partiality. 



18. No competitor for a prize can be placed on a 

 jury in the particular department in which he is a 

 competitor. 



19. To exhibiters from the United States, there 

 have been allotted, of ground space, 85,000 square 

 feet, subject to a deduction of one half for passages ; 

 and of wall or hanging space, 40,000 square feet, not 

 subject to deduction. 



Articles must be consigned to the secretary, at 

 Boston, who, with permission of the collector, will 

 place them in government stores, without charge for 

 Btorage. 



The committee indulge a hope that the liberal pro- 

 visions made by the federal government for trans- 

 portation, will insure from their fellow-citizens a full 

 display from the farm, the garden, and the dairy ; 

 the forest and the mine ; the factory and the work- 

 shop ; the laboratory and the studio ; and that not 

 only articles possessing the merit of novelty, rarity, 

 and high excellence, but also those of more humble 

 pretensions, Avhich are calculated to promote the 

 well-being of mankind, and are so often met with in 

 Massachusetts, will be contributed to the Great In- 

 dustrial Ejchibition of the World. 



SAVE MANURE. 



Those farmers who have not barn cellars to enable 

 them to save all their manure in the best manner, 

 should contrive to save it in some way, though at- 

 tended with more trouble than falls to the lot of 

 those who have made preparation for this purpose. 



In bania without cellars, the liquid manure may 

 be saved by using variouB absorbents, as may be con- 



venient ; and almost every farmer has loam, sand, or 

 other materials at hand which are useful. Some use 

 coarse fodder for this purpose ; but in most cases, by 

 the use of a fodder-cutter, and a little attention in 

 preparing it, it may be used as food, affording nu- 

 triment for the animal, and be readily converted into 

 manure. 



Sawdust is a good absorbent ; so are fine shavings, 

 and the dust from carpenters' and other shops. — 

 Charcoal dust is another valuable absorbent. From 

 many shops and manufactories much refuse matter 

 may often be obtained, that is not only valuable as 

 absorbents, but they will greatly add to the quantity 

 of manure. 



Some farmers take up the floor in their cattle- 

 house, and fill loam, muck, or sand under it, to 

 catch and absorb the liquid manure, and then replace 

 the floor. The soil becomes saturated with rich mat- 

 ter during the winter, and is excellent manure in the 

 spring. 



Another mode is to remove the floor, fill up with 

 loam to a suitable height, and let it be a bed for the 

 cattle ; and, on removing the manure daily, remove 

 the loam that has become wet. Some farmers pro- 

 vide loam or other earth, and place it where it will 

 be convenient to scatter over the floor. There is a 

 great advantage in having dry loam for this purpose ; 

 a ton of it will absorb as much as four tons of moist 

 loam, thus saving much in carting and shoveling. 



As the liquid manure of animals is worth as much 

 as the solid, every farmer must be aware of the im- 

 portance of saving it, and he should make arrange- 

 ments for that purpose. 



On many a farm where now it is doubtful whether 

 there is profit or loss, this question would become 

 settled at once, in the most favorable manner, on 

 doubling the amount and value of manure. 



TWE AMERICAN CHURN. 



My experience differs so widely from the advertised 

 testimonials, that I am very curious to learn what 

 has been the case with others who have tried the 

 American churn. My dairymaid has had a six- 

 pound churn in use for the last month, (perhaps ten 

 or twelve churnings,) under favorable circumstances, 

 at 58° or 60°. The butter has never come in less 

 than seventeen minutes, usually in about eighteen, 

 and once, it did not come in less than three quarters 

 of an hour; while the testimonials state a much 

 shorter time, namely, from twelve minutes even to 

 four minutes. — London Gardener's Chronicle 



The manufacture of brandy is now successfully 

 carried on by John A. Scott, Esq., of Washington 

 county. Miss. It is made from the Scuppernong 

 grape, and is pronounced as good and pure an article 

 as the best French brandy. 



The Cincinnati Price Current publishes a state- 

 ment of the number of hogs assessed in seventy-six 

 counties, which show a deficiency of 246,000 head, 

 compared with last year. 



