]\EW ENGLiAl^D FARMER. 



PUBLISHED BY J. B. RUSSELL, NO. 52, NORTH MARKET STREET, (at thk Agricultural Warkhouse.) — T. G. FESSENDEN, EDITOR* 



VOL. XI. 



BOSTON, WEDNESDAY EVENINtJ, JUJ^Y IS, 1832. 



»Jr, % . — 

 NO. 1. 



C o Ml in H Bi i c a t i o 11 s 



FRUIT TREES. 



FOR THE NEW ENGLAND FARIIER. 



INSECTS IN FRUITS. 

 Worms in apples and plums are caused by a 

 I'nall brown miller, and not by a bug or curculio, 

 Tbe body of the miller j-escra- 



SiR — So numerous have been the varieties o( i 

 „ . . , ^ r • 1- 1 i\s some suppose, 



fruit trees imported iiom lorejgn climes and con- 7', . , r .i i i • • 



, . ' . , ? , ,i'Jles the grub of the canker worm, but is not so 



centrated in our nurseries, during a long course 0*^ J 



lar; 



years, that it might almost have been supposed the 

 sources had become exhausted. Such an opinion, 

 however, would have varied from the fact. Thci-s 

 yet remained many exceedingly choice species auil 

 varieties, which it had been found impossible to 

 obtain, or which, during repeated efforts at their 

 importation, had perished on their respective voy- 

 ages. During the past winter, it was made an ob- 

 ject of our particular attention to transmit orders to 

 every foreign clime, for all the choice varieties of 

 fruits which had not previously reached our shores. 

 These selections were made with the greatest scru- 

 tiny, and we are happy to be enabled to state, that 

 the utmost success has attended our eflbrts. They 

 have almost invariably reached us in admirable 

 condition, and are now flourishing in our nurse- 

 ries. A course of propagation has been adopted, 

 which will enable us to furnish the public with a 

 large number of these rare and choice varieties 

 the ensuing autumn ; and a catalogue of them is 

 now preparing for publication, which will be 

 transmitted to every applicant. 



In addition to the fruit trees expressly selected 

 for us in Europe, we have been presented with 

 many varieties by foreign Horticultural Societic 

 and we annex a list of those received from that of 

 London. Yours, very respectfullv, 



WJI. PRINCE '&. SoxNS. 



Lin. Bot. Cardai, Julj 3. 1839. 



List of new aiid rare Fruit Trees presented to fl'm. 



Prince S,- Sons, by the London Horticid- 



tural Society, spring of 1832. 



PEARS. 



Ambrosia. 



Bequ6sne Musque. 



Beurre d'Aremberg. 



Beauchamps. 



Beurr6 Bosc. 



Bou Chretien Fondante. 



Autumn Colniar. 



Comte de Lamy. 



Figue de Naples. 



Fondante du Bois. 



Hessel. 



Hacon's Incomparable. 



Louise Bonne of Jersey, 



Monarch (Knight's.) 



Thompsons. 



Emerald. 



Early Bergamot. 



Summer Frauc-roal. 



TiUington. 



PLUMS. 



Kirkes. 



Coe's Fine Late Red. 



Nectarine. 



Lucombe's Nonsuch. 



Isabella. 



Chinese Yellow. 



CHERRY. 



Bowycr's Early Heart. 



GOOSEEEERIES. 



Pitmaston Green Gaga 

 Taylor's Bright ^'enus: 



APPLES. 



Breedon Pippin. 

 Coe's Golden Drop. 

 Dutch Codlin. , 



Conquest de Wigers. 

 Bellefleur Brabante. 

 French Crab. 

 Ilaggerston Pippin. 

 Hick's Fancy. 

 Leyden Pijjpin. 

 Redding's Nonpareil. 

 Herefordshire Pearma/n. 

 Hormead Pearmain. 

 Lamb Abbey Pearmtin. 

 Devonshire Quarend<n. 

 Rymer. 



Summer Thorle. 

 West Grinistead Pip}in. 

 Winter Majctin. 

 Zoete Peter Lely. 

 Mank's Codlin. 



MULBERRY, Scedlcss Bhck. 



They are very active, and their wings 

 short ; they are now depositing their eggs in the 

 young apples. You may see a speck as though 

 they had been pricked with the point of a pen- 

 knife ; open the wound carefully, and you will 

 find a white egg, very small; in about ten days it 

 will become a worm with a black head, though not 

 bigger than a large hair. Then it commences its 

 march in all directions through the apple, which 

 causes so many to drop off; some few hold on, 

 and the apple and the worm both grow to matu- 

 rity ; then the worm spins down by a thread or 

 falls with the apple, and crawls under the bark of 

 the tree or some other convenient place and lies 

 till the next spring, when the young apples are 

 formed again, and then comes out a miller. 



I doubt whether any of the wortns ever go into 

 the ground ; they like a dry situation. I have 

 found them in the crevices of flour barrels, where 

 ap]jles have been kept for the winter. I have ta- 

 ken the ai)pl«s in the fall with the worms in them, 

 put them in glasses till they left the apples, and 

 secured themselves in a kind of felted covering be- 

 tween some pieces of bark, that was prepared for 

 them, and have come out millers next spring. 

 - You will make what use of this you please, 

 Yours, respectfully, 



A Lover of Good Fruit. 



Remarlis by the Editor. 



We have delayed the publication of the forego- 

 ing for some time, in order to make some investi- 

 gations connected with the subject of the commu- 

 nication, and yet have found nothing satisfactory. 

 There appears to be a great variety of insects 

 found in fruits and fruit trees, which exist in va- 

 rious forms of bugs, worms, flies, millers, flying 

 and creeping things, which have no affinity to each 

 other. Besides, the same insect has a variety of 

 forms in different states of its existence, and it is 

 often difficult to trace it from the egg to the bug, 

 worm, caterpillar, chrysalis or pupa, fly, miller, 

 &c. The insects sent us by our correspondent 

 were moths or millers, or insects, we believe, of 

 the class of Lepidoptera ; they have four wings, 

 and resemble the insects which buzz about lamps 

 in the night time. These are evidently very dif- 

 ferent from the curculio described by Dr James 

 Tilton, and generally considered as the parent of 

 the worm in apples. Dr Tilton's curculio is a ge- 

 nus of insects belonging to the Coleoptera order, 

 that is, such insects as have crustaceous elytra, 

 [crusty wing cases or shells,] which shut together 

 and form a longitudinal suture, or seam along the 

 back. In other words, the parent of the worm in 

 fruit, generally called the curculio, is a beetle or 

 bug ; the insect sent us by our correspondent 

 above, is a moth or miller. But they may be prop- 

 agators of worms or larvae of diftisrent kinds ; and 

 a knowledge of their natures and habits may lead 

 to the discovery of remedies against their ravages. 



BJr Manly, in the Genesee Farmer, iu spejjking 

 of an insect Which attacks stone fruits, say's,,. "J 

 would suggest to entomologists, that its descriptive 

 cognomen should indicate it as the stone fruit curr 

 cidio, as I think it quite a different species from 

 the one that nttiicks the apple, pear, and other seed 

 fruits, and causes them to become wormy." The 

 stone fruit curculio, however, according to the 

 same writer, is of the Coleoptera or beetle order, 

 and of course not identical with the moths sent us 

 by our correspondent. Indeed the insects which 

 are found in tiuit and fruit trees are endless in 

 their varieties, and no human efforts could coun- 

 teract their mischievons propensities, were not the 

 same remedies often ajiplicable to the destruction 

 of a great many different species. In the last 

 edition of Linna'us, it is said, there are six hundred 

 species of tlie'curculio,and yet notone of them in- 

 cludes the insects known by that name in this 

 country. 



ITEMS IN RURAL ECONOMY, 



Original and Selected. By the Editor. 



Destroying Insects by Boiling JVater. — A Mr 

 Beatlie, in the Gardener's Magazine, found that 

 neither chamber-lie, nor soap-suds, nor clay-iiaint, 

 would destroy the scaly insect ; but on a mild day 

 in February, a green gage plum tree was unnailed 

 from the wall, and with a painter's soft brush 

 washed over with boiling water, at least as near to 

 boiling as it could be carried a short distance in a 

 small water-jint. No injury was found to be done 

 to the ti'ee, ivhllc the scaly insect was completelv 

 destroyed. The following winter the whole oV 

 the trees infested were treated in the same man- 

 ner, and the insect completely got rid of. A very 

 inteUigent friend of Mr B. washed trees with boil- 

 ing water, with the garden engine, in frosty weath- 

 er, and the trees sustained no injury. Mr B. also 

 tried boiling water on tiees in peach houses, in 

 fested with the white bug, and found it completely 

 successful. He therefore considers the efficacy 

 and safety of this simple application as completely 

 established. 



Fattening Pigs on Potatoes. — In the "report 

 of the London Society for bettering the condition 

 of the [poor," is a paper published by the Rev. 

 Thomas Wilson, giving an account of an experi 

 ment for fattening a pig on potatoes only. The ' 

 pig was farrowed in August and continued in the 

 straw-yard till March succeeding, when it was 

 'ept entirely on potatoes thoroughly baked, but 

 not burned on the outside. Water was provided 

 in another trough, but the pig drank but little. 

 The iiotatocs were given whole, dry, and unmixed 

 wi;h other food ; the quantity consumed being 

 about two bushels a week. On the 8tli of March 

 the pig weighed about fiftysix pounds ; when it 

 was killed, on the 3d of May, the weight was one 

 hundred and one pounds. It was fat on the in- 

 iide, "proved well, and was a complete cottager's 

 pig-" 



On Scraping off the Bark of Trees. — Mr Thom- 

 as Thompson, in the Gardener's Magazine, thinks 

 that trees do not decay so much from want of 

 fibrous roots to imbibe nourishment, as from tbe 

 compression of the alburnum by the indurated 



