NEW ENGLAND FARMER, 



Juir 18, 1S32. 



Boston, Wednesday Evening, July 18, 1832. 



FARM WORK FOR JULY. 



Born Yards. — It is not iinprobKblc, that to- 

 wards the latter end of tliis month you will have 

 leisure to begin to cart into your barn-yard, such 

 substances as will answer good purposes for ma- 

 nure ; to wit, swamp-mud, clay, straw, fern or 

 brakes, marsh-mud, peat, turfs, weeds, stubble 

 which may be worth while to mow for the pur- 

 pose, &c, &c. 



Turnips. — It will be well to sow soot, ashes, 

 lime, or a mixture of two or more of these, over 

 your turnips. Ellis, an old writer on husbandry, 

 says, " Turnips sooted about twentyfour hours af- 

 ter they are up will be entirely secured from the 

 fly." Some advise, and it may be well if not too 

 much trouble, to leach soot and sprinkle the young 

 turnips with the liquor. jM'Mahon, in treating of 

 the cultivation of turnips, says, " the plants should 

 be left from seven to twelve inches every way ; 

 this must be regulated according to the strength 

 of the land, the time of sowing, and the kind of 

 turnips cultivated ; strong ground and early sow- 

 ing always producing the largest roots." 



" The width of the hoe should be in proportion 

 to the medium distance to be left between the 

 plants, and this to their e.\])ectcd size. 



" The critical time of tlie first hoeing is, when 

 the plants, as they lie spread on the ground, are 

 nearly the size of the palm of the hand ; if, how- 

 ever, seed weeds be numerous and luxuriant, they 

 ought to be checked before the turnip plants ar- 

 rive at that size ; lest being drawn up tall and 

 slender, they should acquire a weak sickly habit. 

 A second hoeing should be given when the 

 leaves are grown to the height of eight or nine 

 inches, in order to destroy weeds, loosen the earth, 

 and finally to regulate the plants ; a third, if found 

 necessary, may be given at any subsequent period. 

 " Here will the farmer exclaim against the ex- 

 pense and trouble of hoeing ; but let him try one 

 acre in this way, and leave another of the same 

 quality to nature, as is too frequently done, and he 

 will find that the extra produce of the hoed acre, 

 will more than compensate for the labor bestow- 

 ed." 



Loudon says. Arch. Garrie, a Scottish gardener 

 of merit, tried steeping the seeds in sulphur, sow- 

 ing soot, ashes, and sea-sand, along the drills, all 

 without effect. At last he tried dusting the rows 

 when the plants were in the seed-leaf, with quick 

 lime, and found that eftectual in preventing the 

 depredations of the fly. '■ A bushel of quick lime," 

 he says, " is sufficient to dust over an acre of drill- 

 ed turnips, and a boy may soon be taught to lay 

 it on almost as fast as he could walk along the 

 drills. If the seminal leaves are powdered in the 

 slightest degree, it is sufficient ; but should rain 

 wash the lime off before the turnips are in the 

 rough leaf, it may be necessary to repeat the op- 

 eration if the fly begins to make its appearance." 



obtain not only more plentiful crops, but those 

 which will come to maturity earlier in the season, 

 by selecting seeds from forward and vigorous 

 plants. It is best, in general, to keep them in the 

 pods or husks, and, where it can be economically 

 done, with a part of the stems; and spread them 

 in some airy place where they are not exposed to 

 moisture, that the seeds may dry and harden grad- community regarding the present situation of our 



ment is situated about two and a half miles above 

 the City Hall, and out of the compact jiart of the 

 city.' The total number of cases (in the hospitals, 

 at Bellevue, and in private houses,) since the com- 

 mencement of the disease, is 719 ; deaths, 345." 



To iillay, in some measure, the fears of our 



ually ; observing to turn them now and then, and 

 not to lay such a quantity together as to bring on 

 a fermentation and hazard the loss of the whole. 

 The seeds of all soft fruits, however, such as cu- 

 cumbers, melons, SiC, must be cleaned from the 

 pulp and nuicilage which surround them ; other- 

 wise the rotting of those pans will destroy the 

 germ, or deprive it of the principle of vegeta- 

 tion. 



It has been recommended^ when seeds are in- 

 tended to be sent a great distance or it is wished 

 to preserve them a long time, to wrap them in ab- 

 sorbent paper and surround them by moist brown 

 sugar. A writer in Loudon's Magazine, recom- 

 mends packing seeds down in charcoal dust for 

 the purpose of preserving them. 



ity, and also to diminish any solicitude which 

 tliose in our immediate vicinity may feel, we have 

 thV satisfaction of stating that there never was a 

 tin\. of more general health. Our bill of mortal- 

 ity for the last week shows only twentyfour deaths, 

 which is a very small number for this season. — 

 Boston Transcript. 



FOR THE NEW ENGLAND FARMEB. 



INSECT IN PEAR TREES. 

 Sir — Within a few days I have cut off several 

 limbs from our pear trees, which have died within 

 the last fortnight ; these limbs all put forth leaves, 

 and ap])eared to be as flourishing as any other 

 part of the tree. I first noticed the leaves wilted, 

 and during the past few days of warm dry weath- 

 er, both leaves and limbs have become quite dry. 

 I examined the limbs and found a small worm, 

 three fourths of an inch in length, had made some 



CHOLERA. 



This subject occupies most of the attention 



which our good citizens can divert from iudispen- , .... 



" . ,,,, , ,, , , , progress m eatmg the mner bark and wood : but 



sable occupations. What shall we do to be saved r ^ °, i i .i n 



',,,,.,,., It appears to me almost impossible, that so small a 



tioin the terril) e disorder? is the great question. I , ii i j , ■ 



,. , .,*.,' I worm should have done so much damage in so 



In answer to this, there are specifics without num- , . .• n ■ j i i, . ,■ ., .. 



. , , ' ,,',., . ,• • short a time. Beside, I could not discover that 



ber ; and to those who have laith to believe m .,,.,, i ■ „ • n i • ^ .i i • i 



. . . ^ ■,-. •,• , •,. ■ > the limbs had been cirdled in an v place : the bark 



their mfal ibility, each wi 1 prove m some degree , , j i • n i .i i .i i. i 



" , , , V . • • >vas cracked and shrivelled through the whole 



useliil, un ess the contents or the recipe are posi- , .i j-.i r u r i- i . . i 



'. . . , , ' . ' length of the limb, one of which was ten or twelve 



tively injurious to the human system. II a man 



feet long. Having a tew valuable pear trees, and 

 having suffered much from the same blight a few 

 years past, 1 should esteem it a favor if you would 

 publish a remedy, if you know of an eflectual one. 

 Yours, respectfully, J. E. 



Remarks by the Editor. 



We presume that the insect above mentioned is 



were to drink a glass of distilled water, with full 

 belief in its power as a preservative, the con- 

 fidence which he would imbibe with his draught 

 by fortifying his system against the inroads of fear, 

 would render it less assailable by disease. 



Physicians, philosophers, and the rest of our in- 

 icllectnal characters, are divided in sentiment rela- 

 tive to the contagious and non-contagious nature ,!,„ Borer, Saperda bivitata, an insect which does 

 of this disease. We shall not take a side nor of- „,.(,.,[ mischief to apple trees in this and many oth- 

 fer our opinion on this to))ic. But there can be cr parts of the country. The only remedies which 

 not a shadow of doubt, that this disorder, if not „,e i,ave heard recommended, are to dig out the 

 entirely prevented, may be greatly mitigated by insects with a mallet and gouge, ami then wash 

 means at the command of every person in our ,j,e s,e,ns of the trees infected with a strong solu- 

 community. Temperance, personal cleanliness, ti,,,, „f potash, or apply to them two good coats of 

 and the free use of those disinfecting ngeijts, the whitewash, made of pure lime and water, once or 

 chlorides of lime and soda, are the- most efficient twice in the latter part of the springer during the 

 preventives ; and in case of an attack, an immedi- smmner. Perhaps some of our friends or corres- 

 ate applicatio'ii to a physician is a measure respect- ' pendents may oblige us with something more defi- 

 ing which there neither is nor can be any division ; uite and useful on this subject, 

 of sentiment. It is said, that Paisley, in Scotland, 



GATHERING SEEDS, &c. 

 It is quite time to think about selecting seeds of 

 many kinds of vegetables for future crops. It is 

 perhaps not known or not thought of by many 

 cultivators, that the breeds of vegetables as well as 

 of animals, may be improved by selecting the 

 finest specimens to propagate from. You* may 



when the pestilence visited and ravaged every 

 town in its vicinity, was wholly exemjited in con- 

 sequence of the extraordinary exertions of the 

 magistrates, seconded by the active efforts of its 

 inhabitants, to cleanse and purify the place. 



The following is the latest news on this topic, 

 received in season for this paper. 



" The New York Board of Health reported on 

 Friday, at the hospitals, 39 cases and 22 deaths ; 



Si:a-coal ashis iiijvi-ious to vegetation. — A cor- 

 respondent of Mr Loudon, for the Gardener's 

 Magazine, says in substance, that a large garden 

 in Scotland, which had been manured or coated 

 over with coal ashes from a neighboring town, 

 for two years in succession, w.is thereby rendered 

 barren, and " the gardener, finding his fruit trees 

 not t* thrive so well as he expected, but attribu- 

 ting ,t to a different cause, took a number of 



Bellevue, 35 cases, and 17 deaths ; private houses, them and formed a substratum of ashes in order to 

 27 cases and 10 deaths ; total, 101 cases and 49 lay them, as he said, dry and comfortable. The 

 deaths. On Saturday, at the hospitals, 43 cases trees got worse, and were again taken up, and the 

 and 29 deaths; Bellevue, 29 cases and 22 deaths ;! ashes removed ; but such were the deleterious ef- 

 private houses, 43 cases and 15 deaths ; total, 115,fccts of the ashes already worked into the soil, 

 cases and GG deaths. The Journal of Commerce that his garden, which previously was and now 

 says, 'The number of inmates at the Bellevue [ is one of the most productive in Scotland, was 

 Alms-house, where so many cases of cholera have I two or three years before even moderate crops 

 occurred, is about sixteen hundred ; this estabUsh- could he raised." 



