vol.. XI. NO. 43. 



AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



341 



and oats, and obtained a good crop without ma- 

 nure. In tlie Autumn of 1831, lie ploiiglud it 

 again turning in what grass, &(;. had grown on 

 "the land. In the spring of 1832 he opened fur- 

 rows not deep, about 2 feet asunder, and in tliose 

 furrows he sowed peas of the kind called, Marrow- 

 fats. This was done as early as the frost had left 

 the surface sufficiently deep to make his fiu- 

 rows ; he covered the peas with a hoc. From this 

 half acre having put on no manure, he raised peas 

 enough in the jiod to bring him $17, besides what 

 he used in liis family, and he afterwards collected 

 two and a half bushels of dry peas. He therefore 

 realized a profit of $20, at least from his half acre, 

 without manure and without much labor. Might 

 not some other farmers profit by this experiment 

 by going and doing likewise. Peas are worth more 

 by the bushel for fattening pork than Indian corn, 

 and they are raised without hoeing. I suggest the 

 idea, whether fanners had not better procure the 

 most prolific kinds and raise more of them than 

 they do. If there can be any olijections I lioiie 

 that some of your experienced correspondents will 

 point them out and oblige a Farmer. 



For the New England Farmer. 

 OIL, SOAP. 



Mr. Fessenden. Sir, — The following Receipt 

 for makmg Oil Soap, will he found very useful, 

 for removing grease, paint, &c. from cloth or silk, 

 and also a very serviceable application in strains, 

 swellings and rheumatic pains, &c. 



Take of white Soap cut up fine two ounces ; 

 Alcohol one pint ; Oil of Rosemary 1-4 ounce, mix 

 and set the bottle in the sun until the soap is dis- 

 solved and it will be fit for use. 



Procuring two Crops of the Ash-leaved Kidney 

 Potato, in one year off the same ground. In each 

 of the last two years I have grown two crops of 

 the ash-leaved kidney potato on the same ground, 

 and each of the crops has been a good one. I 

 proceed thus: — In taking up the first crop, I bury 

 the tops or herbage in the trench, by turning the 

 earth between the rows upon them, and this done, 

 the ground is ready to be ])lanted again. My first 

 crop this year was planted on the 30th of March, 

 and my second on the 13th of July ; the second 

 has been as good as the first, and the potatoes are 

 perfectly ripened: the joint produce of the two 

 crops has been fully at the rate of 960 bushels an 

 acre. I took some of the potatoes of the second 

 . crop, of nearly the full size, to market on Septem- 

 ber the 15th. — Loudon's Mas;az{ne. 



WHEAT. 



Last spring we published some suggestions on 

 the late sowing of spring wheat, as a means of sav- 

 ing it from the ravages of a little yellow worm, 

 which some incorrectly call the wetvit. A num- 

 ber of our subscribers tried the experiment, and,so 

 far as we have heard, with entire success. A far- 

 mer in Orange County told us that he sowed one 

 acre of spring wheat ten days later than the rest in 

 the same field. The first sowed was seriously in- 

 jured, the last not at all. Several in other towns, 

 made similar statements. 



It has been observed, from the first appearance 

 of this insect, that the earliest winter wheat was 

 less injured by its attacks than any other. It is 

 evident, therefore, that the time of laying the eggs 

 is short. It is, probably, soon after the heads 

 make their appearance. IJefore they are defended 

 by the leaf which encloses them ; and when they 



appear, most probably, the husk soon becomes so 

 hard that the insect cannot pierce it to deposite 

 her eggs upon the kernel. We have, then only to 

 ascertain the time, as exactly as we can, in which 

 the injury is done, and have our winter wheat too 

 forward, and spring wheat not forward enough, for 

 the operations of the insect, and the damage is 

 avoided. At present sow your winter wheat as 

 early as you can, and sow your spring wheat as 

 late as you can and give it time to ripen. 



Farmers, and all who find either pleasure or 

 profit in any thing made from wheat would be 

 greatly indebted to any entotnologist who should 

 make us better acquainted with the character and 

 habits of this destructive insect. — Vt. Chronicle. 



ROAD MAKIJVU. 



"Let roads be laid out straight, because it 

 saves travel, saves labor, and when labor is per- 

 formed on them it is not lost; for people in this 

 country at least, do not desire to have the location 

 ofstraight roads altered: but to straighten crooked 

 ones: Let them he opened of good width, and dig 

 up, instead of cutting down trees, which stand 

 within the bounds of it, because it is less labor to 

 remove a tree in this way than to remove a stump. 

 Let Supervisors endeavor to make what they do 

 permanent by throwing up, giving them a regular 

 grade, and where necessary, opening ditches to 

 carry off the water, in low marshy grounds, in- 

 stead of logs or rails, convey gravel and raise it 

 to the proper grade. By adopting these rules, 

 time, labor, expense, and litigation are saved, you 

 will increase travel, business, and enterprise of 

 every description." 



FIRE PROOF CEMENT. 



The French cement for the roofs of houses, to 

 preserve the wood and protect it from fire, is made 

 in the following manner: — 



Take as much lime as is usual in making a pot- 

 ful of white wash, and let it be mixed in a pail 

 full of water; in this put two and a half pounds of 

 brown sugar and three pounds of fine salt ; mix 

 them well together, and the cement is completed. 

 A little lampblack, yellow ochre, or other coloring 

 commodity, may be introduced to change the 

 color of the cement, to please the fancy of those 

 who use it. It has been used with great success, 

 and been recommended particularly as a protec- 

 tion against fire. Small sparks of fire that fre- 

 quently lodge on the roofs of houses, are prevent- 

 ed by this cement from burning the shingles. So 

 cheap and valuable a precaution against the de- 

 structive element ought not to pass untried. 

 Those who wish to be better satisfied of its utility 

 can easily make the experiment by using it on a 

 small temporary building-or it may be tried on shin- 

 gles put together for the purpose, and then expos- 

 ed to the fire. 



TREES. 



If you have not already done so, strip the dry 

 bark from your fruit trees immediately, to promote 

 their growth whilst the sap is running up, and thus 

 greatly increase their product ; the old neglected 

 orchards, with attention in this way, a little 

 manure, &.c. would produce double. White- 

 wash your apple trees — wash the more favorite 

 fruit trees witli soap suds — it will save them from 

 attacks by worms, &c. Put cinders, bones and 

 stones, about the roots of pear trees, by which 

 they will be saved from blight, and greatly increas- 

 ed in growth. 



Time would be well spent in a more general 



culture of the Currant and Gooseberry. A little 

 labor, manure and attention, by farmers and gar- 

 deners, or even by female hands, would produce 

 an abundance of these delicious fruits in every 

 part of our country, which in their different varie- 

 ties would continue a luxury for many weeks. 

 The Gooseberry, especially, would sell in our 

 market towns at a great profit. 



PEDESTRIANISM. 



Skipper, the pedestrian, has been matched to 

 perform the astonishing feat of walking 720 miles 

 in twelve days ; being at the rate of 60 miles for 

 each day, for ten sovereigns. The rout chosen by 

 vSkipper is a fifteen mile space from the King's 

 Arm, Manchester, through Bury, to his own house 

 the sign of the pedestrian, in Deansgate, Bolton. 



He will comujence on Monday, the 13th of May, 

 and walk 60 miles per day for 12 successive days 

 (except Sunday) until the feat is accomplished. 

 He goes into training early in April. Skipper is 

 the same person that walked 1000 miles in 1000 

 successive hours, a few years ago. He is forty 

 nine years of age, stands five feet ten inches high, 

 and has been in the army fifteen years. — English 

 Paper. 



PUNISHMENT OP CHII.DREN. 



Never let a child he punished for an action 

 which he does not knoiv to be a fault. Never let 

 the punishment be calculated to degrade him in 

 the view of others, for it will then infallibly harden 

 his heart. Never let a child be punished till he 

 has ofl:euded in the same way the third time. — Nev- 

 er punish him without being sure he has com- 

 mitted the fault in question. And let the punish- 

 ment you intend to inflict be well considered, and 

 when the proper occasion comes rigorously inflic- 

 ted. 



AN ANECDOTE. 

 When the Caliph Omar, A. D. 640, sat upon 

 the fate of 700,000 volumes, denominated the 

 " Alexandrian Library," he pronounced judgment 

 in the following manner: 'If,' said the sage Ma- 

 hometan, 'the contents of these books are in con- 

 formity with the Koran, there is no need of them, 

 for the Koran contains all we should know; if, 

 however they are opposed to the holy book, then 

 they should be instantly destroyed, to prevent the 

 pernicious effects of their impious doctrines.' 



The town of Portsmouth, N. H. has appropriat- 

 ed S6500 to purchase a fiirm on which to crectan 

 Almshouse, and $12,000 to defray the expense 

 of erecting the necessary buildings. The appro- 

 priation for the support of the poor in 1833 is 



MUSTARD. 



Why buy this, when you can groic it in your 

 garden? The stuff you buy is baW drugs and is 

 injurious to health. A yard square of ground sown 

 with common Mustard, the crop of which you 

 would grind for use, in a little mustard-mill, as 

 you wanted it, would save you some money, and 

 probably save your life. Your mustard would look 

 broivn instead of yellow ; but the former color Ib as 

 good as the latter: and, as to the taste, the real 

 mustard has certainly a much better than that of 

 the drugs and flour which go under the name of 

 mustard. Let any one try it, and I am sure he 

 will never use the drugs again. The drugs if you 

 take them freely, leave a burning at the pit ofyovr 

 stomach, which the real mustard does not. 



