372 



NEW ENGLAND FAR3IER, 



JUNE 5, 1S33. 



From the Genesee Farmer. 

 SUMMER PRUIVIXG. 



A strong argument in favor of summer priming, 

 anil also of spare pruning, may be drawn from the 

 following pliysiologieal data, which we quoie from 

 Mr. J. Goss, and which every man of seicuce will 

 appreciate as correctly stated. 



"It is well known to vegetable physiologists of 

 the present day, that timber on the trunk of a tree, 

 is composed of concentric layers, or rallitr cylin- 

 ders of wood, each cylinder being the produce of 

 one year. It is likewise generally agreed, that the 

 fibrous part of these cylinders is an aggregate of 

 the fibres (or roots, as they may without much im- 

 propriety be called) which originate from the base 

 of each leaf bud, and descend to the ground, in- 

 sinuating themselves between the inner hark and 

 the outer sap wood, covering the surface of the lat- 

 ter. It is evident, therefore, and was long ago ob- 

 served by Duhainel, that any natural circumstan- 

 ces which remarkably increase or diminish the 

 number of leaf-buds in a tree, will occasion a cor- 

 respondent modification in the thickness of the 

 ■wood produced by them. Pruning in the autumn 

 or early in the spring, diminishes the number of 

 leaf-buds, and will consequently be followed by a 

 thinner layer of wood than usual." 



The above considerations, superadded to those 

 recently stated in the Farmer in favor of sum- 

 mer pruning, we trust will induce some to make 

 the experiment of innovating upon the old, but 

 we think bad, practice, of pruning in the autumn or 

 spring. The time recommended for summer 

 pruning, it will be remembered, is between the 

 first and second growth, late in June or early in 

 July. B. 



KHVBARB FIE. 



The Rhubarb root, which makes such rich and 

 delicious pies, will grow doubly well by placing 

 an «mpty barrel over it. A friend of ours had 

 two plants by the side of each other. To test the 

 fact, he placed a barrel over one, and left the oth- 

 er uncovered. At the expiration of a fortnight, 

 the covered one had extended itself beyond the 

 top of the barrel, while the other by its side had 

 grown, perceptibly, but very little. One plant 

 served in this .manner, will supjily the largest fam- 

 ily with materials for delicious Rhubarb pies. — 

 JVotihampton Courier. 



From the Boston Courier. 

 PTJBIilC SALE OF WOOL,. 



The sale of Wool which took place last week, 

 at Quincy Hall, brought together a very large com- 

 pany, consisting of manufacturers from this and 

 the adjoining states, and most of the principal deal- 

 ers of other cities. The catalogue contained over 

 100,000 lbs. of fleece Wool, of very desirable qual- 

 ities: 70,000 lbs. Nos. 1 and 2 pulled ; 15,000 lbs. 

 imported Saxony ; 40,000 lbs. Spanish sheep and 

 lambs'; 500 bales Buenos Ayres and Montevideo ; 

 200 bales washed and unwashed Smyrna ; besides 

 several smaller parcels of coarse foreign Wool. 



Notwithstanding the sale was fully attended 

 and the Wool advertised was of the most desirable 

 kinds, there was but little spirit manifested and 

 only a very small portion of the Wool was disposed 

 of; prices falling considerably below the expecta- 

 tions of owners. We notice the following as the 

 principal sales which were made, viz: — 12,000 

 lbs. fleeces, from ^ to a i^iood merino, at 43 a 45 c; 

 3,000 lbs. I to full blood merino, 53 c.; 10,000 lbs. 

 fiill blood merino and Saxony fleeces, 62J c; 3,400 



lbs. very good No. 2, pulled, 41 c.; 18,000 lbs. 

 No. 1, pulled, 44 a 48i c; 2,500 lbs. imported 

 Saxony, 80 c; 5,600 lbs. do. do. 106J c; 4,500 

 do. do. 130 c; 15 bales Spanish sheeji's, R. 85 a 

 87 c; 5 do. do. do. R. R. inferior, 77iV c.; 5 do. 

 Spanish lambs' 77 c; 20 do. do. 80 c; 1 do Sax- 

 ony lambs' 03 c; 10 do. unwashed Smyrna, 18 

 c; 10 do. do. very dirty, 12 c; 10 do. washed 

 Barbary Wool, 26c.; 300 do. Buenos Ayres, 9 a 

 Hi c; 8 do. do. very iniii'rior, 5J c; 10 do. Con- 

 stantinople, limed, at 16 c.; 27 do. Mohair, 44 a 

 48 c. The low prices, in general, which were 

 obtained for fleece Wool, may be attributed main- 

 ly to the fact, th;it shearing is near at hand, at 

 which it is expected there will be an unusually 

 large clip. 



CHURNING ON HORSEBACK. 



We have just been told, by a gentleman who 

 has travelled in South America, that the Indians 

 near Buenos Ayres churn their milk on horseback. 

 They have plenty of horses, and they are taught 

 very early to ride with skill ; so that when they 

 wish to churn, they put their milk in a tin canister 

 or any other convenient vessel, and taking it on 

 horseback, gallop off" several miles, till by the 

 sound it makes in the churn, they know that the 

 butter has separated from the buttermilk. Even 

 little boys perform this service, for so well do 

 they train their horses, that if the rider wishes to 

 have his beast turn towards the right, he holds out 

 his left hand, and presses the bridle rein gently 

 against his neck ; and if to the left, he holds out 

 bis right hand, and presses the right rein ; the 

 horse always turning in an opposite direction, as if 

 to get away from his hand. 



Our informant say.x, that on seeing a little Indi- 

 an boy come galloping along one day with his 

 churn, he asked him to stop, and in(iuired how 

 far he had rode. lie said about two leagues, (six 

 miles.) On being asked how much farther he 

 should go ; he said about one more league. On 

 opening the churn, the butter was already begin- 

 ning to separate. Probably another league was 

 suflicieut to complete the process. — American Far- 

 mer. 



PATENTS. 



The number of patents granted for "useful in- 

 ventions" in 1832, was 474, viz. to persons in 

 Maine 24, New Hampshire 11, Massachusetts 56, 

 Rhode Island 4, Connecticut 29, Vermont 14, 

 New York 122, New Jersey 8, Pennsylvania 82, 

 Maryland 12, Virginia 11, North Carolina 5, South 

 Carolina 4, Georgia 4, Kentucky 7, Tennessee 7, 

 Ohio 54, Louisiana 1, Indiana 4, Mississippi 3, 

 Alabama 2, Missouri 1, Michigan Territory 2, 

 District of Columbia 7. Total 474. 



LIFE ASSURANCE. 



For the information of those who may wish to 

 provide for their families at a very small rate, and 

 who have not the means of rendering them any 

 adequate assistance at their death, by will or inher- 

 itance, the following case (which occurred in this 

 city within a few months past and which is but 

 partially known) is now made public. 



A merchant well advanced in life and who for 

 more than forty years had been successful in busi- 

 ness, became unfortunate. His family was large 

 aod So far as his means extended, must necessarily 

 have been left destitute in the event of his speedy 

 dissolution, which, however, was not, at that time, 

 even probable. He, notwithstanding, it seems, 



was fully sensible of the uncertain tenure of Life, 

 and caused his to be insured in the latter part 

 of November, at the Baltimore Life Insurance 

 Company, in the sum of 10,000. He died in the 

 middle of February ensuing, within eleven weeks 

 from the date of the policy, and his widow has 

 received the whole sum without any trouble or ex- 

 pense, and before the period provided for the pav- 

 ment thereof had expired. This provideiuact has 

 rendered his family not only comfortable, but, with 

 prudence, independent ; and they have abundant 

 cause to bless the day when a resolution so hap- 

 py in its consequences was formed and acted on. 

 — JVational InteUis'encer. 



STUCCO FOR WALLS. 



I.\ Italy great use is made of a stucco which 

 gives to walls the brilliancy, the cleaidiness, and 

 almost the hardness, of marble. It may be vari- 

 ously colored, to suit the taste of the employer. 

 This stucco is made very easily, by mixing lime 

 and pulverized marble, in nearly eijual jnopor- 

 tions, according to the meagerness or richness of 

 the marble. A paste or mortar is made of this 

 mixture, and applied to the wall in the thickness 

 of a five-franc piece, with a trowel wet witli soap 

 suds, and in such a way that the whole of the wall 

 may be finished in the same day. None but min- 

 eral colors should he mixed with the stucco, as the 

 lime would destroy those derived from the vegeta- 

 ble kingdom. To obtain the greatest brilliancy, 

 the mortar should be applied with a cold trowel. 

 Workmen, for the sake of ease an<l ex])edition, 

 usually employ it warm. Chips and fragments of 

 marble may be advantageously em])loyed for this 

 ptnpose. In cases where the appearance of a 

 marble wall would be objectionable on account of 

 its coldness, any portion of it may be covered with 

 paper. 



The Season has been very favorable thus far 

 for Agriculturists. During the latter part of April 

 and early in May, the weather was warm and 

 dry, so much so that apprehensions were en- 

 tertained that the grass and grain would suffer 

 material damage from drought, but for this fort- 

 night past we have had copious rains at brief in- 

 tervals, and the face of nature has assumed a most 

 flourishing and verdant aspect. The crops of grass 

 and grain look generally in fine condition, corn is 

 doing well, it is said that the rye crop will be 

 short, much of it having been winter killed, as it 

 is termed by our fanners. 



There is a good prospect of a full supply of 

 fruits of all varieties. — It'orcester Spy. 



PURE MILK. 



To guard the public against the deceptive prac- 

 tices of those who would poison their fellow crea- 

 tures, to enrich themselves, a company with a 

 capital of $150,000, has been formed and char- 

 tered by the Legislature of New Jersey, called the 

 New York and Bergen Dairy Company. The ob- 

 ject is to supply the city of New York with pure 

 and rich milk, from animals fed in the pastures of 

 New Jersey. 



As the impression that the eating of vegetables 

 predisposes to cholera, is beginning again to extend 

 itself it would be advi.sable for those who grow 

 and sell them, to have the published opinion of a 

 Board of Physicians on the subject. It is one of 

 great and general importance, and should be scien- 

 tifically illustrated for the benefit and direction of 

 the community. The London physicians, who 



