56 



METHOD OF PEESERVING APPLES AND" PEAKS. 



precise time its enemy is prepared to tle- 

 stroy it. 



METHOD OF PnESEUVING APPLES AND 

 PEARS. 



The fruit is to be gathered when it be- 

 gins to drop spontaneously; and in pluck- 

 ing it, the rule to be observed is to take 

 what appears ripest in the hand and raise 

 it level with the foot stalk, and if it parts 

 from the tree, to lay it carefully into the 

 basket, otherwise let it remain. In the 

 fruitery the fruit is to be laid in heaps, and 

 covered with clean cloths, and mats, in 

 order to its sweating, which is generally 

 effected in three or four days. They may 

 remain in the sweat three or four days 

 more, and are then to be wiped separately, 

 with clean cloths. Some glazed earthen 

 jars with covers are to be provided, and 

 some pure pit sand, which has been well 

 dried on a flue. A layer of sand an inch 

 thick, is to be put at the bottom of the jar 

 and then a layer of sand and fruit alter- 

 nately, till it be full; the jars are to be 

 closed, and kept in a dry cold place, but 

 free from frost. When fruit is wanted a 

 jar may be unpacked, and that part which 

 is ripe !nay be sent to the fruit room, and 

 the remainder repacked as before. By 

 this mode, some fruit will be preserved 

 till June, or July. 



To destroy Wasps. — Make a roll of 

 damped gunpowder on the end of a small 

 stick, light this-under their nests when on 

 a bush or tree, or into the entrance, when 

 in the ground, this stupifies them, they 

 can while in this state, be mixed up with 

 the ground which is made in a state of 

 mortar by adding a sufficient quantity of 

 water, which completely destroys them. 



Green Flies can be destroyed by water- 

 ing trees infested by them with water, in 

 which lime (a peck of lime to a hogshead 

 of water,) has been previously mixed for 

 twenty-four hours, the water is drawn off, 

 and a pound of common soda added to the 

 water before applying it to the trees. 



It is said they can be destroyed by en- 

 ticing them into bottles by means of jam, 

 or jelly. 



Observations. — The soda might possi- 

 bly destroy the leaves as well as" the flies. 



Coloured Vinegar, Wine, and many 

 other liquors may be rendered transparent 

 by animal charcoal, a litre (1§ Ale pints) 

 of liquor to 45 grammes (eleven drams, 

 thirty five grains Trov) of charcoal; mix 

 without heat for two or three days, stir- 

 ring them frequently, then filtrate. 



The animal charcoal is prepared by fil- 

 ling a crucible with the most solid com- 

 pact oxhones, and luting on a cover with 

 a small hole drilled through. Heat is ap- 

 plied, at first moderate, as long as any 

 inflammable vapour issues through thehole, 

 and then pretty briskly for a short time. 

 When the crucible is cold the charcoal is 

 reduced to fine powder and kept for use. 

 Ivory black is said to answer equally well. 



PROCESS TO MAKE INDELIBLE INK. 

 From the Journal of the Franklin Institute. 



No. 1. For writing with quill pens. 



Indian Ink, dissolved in water acidula- 

 ted with hydrocloric* acid of commerce, 

 and marking \h° Baume's areometer. 



No. 2. For writing with metalic pens. 



Indian Ink dissolved in water rendered 

 alkaline by caustic 5oda, and making 1° 

 on Baumes' areom.eter. 



No. 3. For printing the indelible de- 

 signs and patterns. 



Common printing ink, whitened with a 

 sufficient quantity of sulphate of barytes, 

 either artificial or natural, which has been 

 ground in water for a considerable time. 

 Mag. Pop. Science. 



As Baume's areometer is but little used 

 in this country, it may be useful to state 

 that if water be taken at 1000 sp. gr. 



1° on this instrument is 1007 sp. gr. 



H do 1010 " 



2 do 1014 '' 



For the acidulated solution. To a pint 

 of water, add about three tea spoonfullsof 

 muriatic acid. 



For the alkalized solution. To the same 

 quantity of water add 100 grains of pure, 

 caustic soda, of the kind prepared for 

 chemical purposes. 



About 40 grains of Indian ink may be 

 dissolved in a pint of the solution. This 

 will make an Ink sufficiently black for 

 ordinary writing, but it is evident it may 

 very "easily be made darker or lighter at 

 pleasure. 



* Mui'iatic acid, about sp. 

 French Chemists. 



;r. 1 28, so called hj the 



